Transcript Document
Impact of global warming on the lives of people Environment in the region of Shumen The Municipality of Shumen It is situated in the eastern part of the Danubian plain. The administrative center is the town of Shumen. Its population is about 94 000 people. Clean air - the most important resource for our health Sources of pollution Industrial plants Road sector Domestic sources The transport junctions and station area Sources of greenhouse gases Energy Sector Traffic Industry Household Agriculture Others Annual emissions of sulfur and nitrogen oxides per inhabitant region Sulfur oxides kg resident Kilograms of nitrogen oxides - resident Bulgaria 168,1 28,1 Municipality Shumen 58,6 12,9 Fine particulate matter - 55 mkrg/m3 sdn Air quality of Shumen is within the regulations – That is because in the region there aren’t large industrial enterprises built. HEALTH DISEASES % Of diseased Respiratory diseases 29,5 Cardiac - Vascular diseases 26,1 Nervous system and sense organs 10,6 INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND PARAZITOZI 5,4 Metabolism 4,5 MENTAL interference 3,4 Injuries and poisonings 3,1 Cancer RAISING The reasons for the relatively high proportion of respiratory diseases are due to pollution by fine particles and climate change due to global warming. The increase of solar activity affects the cardiovascular system. One of the consequences of global warming is the spreading of tropical diseases in Europe, which was previously met only in regions such as Africa. Experts say: “While the climate of the Earth is becoming warmer Europe will be confronted with epidemics of diseases that were previously considered to be won”, the researchers conclude. Water - a precious natural resource In Bulgaria, most water sources are economic and business destination. 0.6% of water on earth is suitable for drinking 66% of the territory is the area of catchment areas 70% of waters on the surface of the earth 30% from underground sources Bulgaria is on the last place on the Balkan penincula,concerning the water supplies Average annual consumption per person is 2490 liters Comparative results for water consumption in Europe and Bulgaria Bulgaria 38% industrial purposes 55% agriculture 7% household needs Europe 53% industrial purposes 26% agriculture 19% household needs 60% Comparative results of water consumption in Bulgaria and Europe 50% 40% България 30% Европа 20% 10% 0% индустриални целиселско стопанство битови нужди •Problems of Shumen Municipality -Is not fully satisfied with drinking water -The water supply system is outdated and unreliable • Guidelines of development - Construction of a wastewater treatment plant - Replacement of the highway pipelines and underwater network - To reduce the use of drinking water in industry Bulgaria has over 520 mineral springs and ranks second in Europe after Iceland In the territory of Bulgaria 225 deposits of mineral springs have been developed, which are a prerequisite for development of tourist business. 43% of the area in our country are soils. 15% are fertile arable lands. 33% have low productivity. Water sweeps away 131 tons of fertile soil a year. Industry and construction destroyed 4000 hectares of arable land 1% industrial pollution of arable lands Soil – a significant life-supporting resource For the region of Shumen municipality the typical soils are black-earth soil and carbonate soil, but climate changes often leads to irreversible changes in structure and humus content - erosion surface layer, low aeration, permeability, shortened humus horizon. Our country has passed a soil law from 06.11.2007, which governs the social relations, related to protecting the soils and their functions, as well as their sustainable use and sustainable recovery as a component of the environment. In Shumen municipality the natural resources are preserved and are a prerequisite for the development of grain, viticulture, sugar beets, livestock (pig and poultry). Reducing of the rainfall and increasing the temperature would get to: lasting drought, “hot waves", increasing the fires in the forests, significant changes in biodiversity, degradation on the established ecosystems and soil deserting of large areas simultaneously, the natural disasters like storms and floods could lead not only to damage but will increase the erosion and washout of the fertile layer of the soil Changes in soil composition, groundwater and the composition of air is directly influenced by all types of waste that is divided in our territories as: Industrial sources Intensive transport Mobile sources Domestic sources and enterprises Pesticides Construction waste Amount of household waste municipality of Shumen 50000 45000 40000 35000 30000 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 0 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 The noise – ecological problem in the populated areas The Law on Protection of environmental noise from 01.01.2006 the purpose of this law is to create healthy living conditions of population and environmental protection from the noise, are achieved through diversification and the application of integrated mode and measures to avoid, prevention and reduction Biodiversity - the natural variegation of our nature Our world is facing a threat of loss of biodiversity, because the global warming would lead to seriously affect on the plant species and ecosystem change The tourism in Bulgaria is divided into: Mountain tourism Marine tourism Medical tourism Cultural tourism Rural and ecotourism Hunting etc. The Global warming causes failure in the mountain resorts, planned to be built in Bulgaria. The expected increase in temperatures between 2 and 5 degrees Celsius, in combination with the permanent reduction of the snow, will make the existence of these resorts economically inappropriate, explains the World Wildlife Fund. The Bulgarian scientists report changes in the climate of the country. " The changes recorded up till now are warming in the winter and lowering in the transitional seasons - as a result of this the average temperatures do not change”. As a result of the global warming, it can be expected to drought southern Europe, including Bulgaria and reducing rainfall by 5 to 10 percent compared with current levels. Warming is expected in Bulgaria with about half a degree by 2020 - 2030 years. To manage with the global warming we will certainly need change. We will require adaptation in a new time and situation, because even a moderate climate change will alter the economy and our lives seriously.