Transcript Round table - INTERREG project recommend

Round table: COVENANT OF MAYORS
(Energy policy of EU)
Varna – 10th -12th September 2014
Definition
• The Covenant of Mayors is the mainstream
European movement involving local and regional
authorities, voluntarily committing to increasing
energy efficiency and use of renewable energy
sources on their territories. By their commitment,
Covenant signatories aim to meet and exceed
the European Union 20% CO2 reduction
objective by 2020.
World Energy Production
World Energy Production
by Region (%)
World Energy Production
by Fuel (%)
World Final Energy Consumption
World Final Energy Consumption
by Region (%)
World CO2 Emissions by
Region (%)
EU-28 Energy Import Dependency by Fuel
EU-28 Energy Import Dependency by Fuel – 1995-2012 (%)
EU-28 Imports* by Country of Origin
Renewable Energy Targets
EU energy policy
• To minimize carbon dioxide emissions into the
atmosphere in order to fight the risk of climate change
• To increase the safety of the EU’s energy supplies
through limiting its dependence upon fossil fuels (oil,
gas...) and enhancing solidarity between Member States,
in particular in crisis situations
• To complete the construction of the internal electricity
and gas markets through their further integration at
European level and connecting them with the
neighbouring regions (Mediterranean, Russia).
EU energy policy
Now, energy context has changed under the combined
influence of three factors:
● The particularly severe economic and financial crisis
in the Southern European countries.
● The energy revolution in the US through the
development of non-conventional gas and oil resources.
● The nuclear accident at Fukushima and its marketrelated consequences on the worldwide civil nuclear
industry
Future Energy Policy for Europe
The European Commission adopted, on 22 January 2014,a
White Paper on Energy Policy until 2030 at the level of
the 28 Member States.
The target is to reach 27% share of renewable energies in
the European energy mix without imposing a binding
objective on each Member State, to the contrary of the
20% target set for 2020.
(Initially, the forced deployment of renewable energy sources was
seen as an effective way to improve energy security and cost as well
as addressing climate change. Unfortunately it has seriously
increased electricity prices and - in certain Member States - by
giving renewable electricity priority access to the grid)
Future Energy Policy for Europe
Three main reasons are:
● To integrate large shares of renewable energies of an
intermittent nature into the European electric system.
● To enhance energy solidarity within the EU through
mutual assistance between Member States and the
neighbouring countries and regions in the field of
electricity.
● To complete the integration of the Internal electricity
market at European level.
Future Energy Policy for Europe
EU have to rebalance the focus of energy policy
from sustainability to competitiveness.
Europe leads the world in energy effciency but lags behind
most of the world in the cost of energy. The priority should
first be to maintain leadership in energy intensity, then to
reduce the cost of that energy, and lastly to reduce carbon
Transport, as a big consumer - to continue improvement in fuel
economy through downsizing, boosting and hybridazing internal
combustion engine and by increasing the use of competitive
biofuels and electricity
Future Energy Policy for Europe
• The lesson to learn from the USA is that switching from
coal to gas can have at least as big an impact on
emissions as extensive programmes to promote
renewables.
(the emission factors are respectively 439 and 247 gCO2/kWh)
• Europe is surrounded by competitive natural gas
supplies – including those from Norway, Russia, the
Caspian Sea, North Africa, the Middle East and
potentially the Eastern Mediterranean.
References
1. EU energy in figures, statistical poket book 2014,
2. Energy and climate, What strategies for Europe,
The European Files, March-April 2014 - n°32
Thank you for attention
Nikolay Angelov
UBBSLA - Varna
Climate and energy policy of EU
Contents
Energy consumption
CO2 emissions
Final energy consumption by fuel
Global warming and EU policy
Strategy 20.20.20
Energy saving]
Energy intensity of products reducing]
Energy efficiency]
RES implementation
Energy policy beyond 2020