Transcript Natural Resources

Natural Resources
Chapter 10 Science
I. Natural resources support human
activity.
• Natural resource is anything found in
nature that people use.
• Resources are either renewable (can be
replaced) or nonrenewable (cannot be
replaced).
Renewable Resources
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Sunlight
Wind
Water
Trees and Plants
Animal waste
Non renewable Resources
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Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Uranium
Minerals and rocks
Fossil fuels
• FF is a nonrenewable energy source
formed from ancient plants and animals
buried in Earth’s crust for millions of years.
• FF forms layers at the bottom of bodies of
water and get compressed into the crust.
• Heat and pressure change it chemically
into coal, oil, and natural gas.
• FF burn easily and can be very harmful to
the environment.
U.S. Energy Sources
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Oil 41%
Coal 25%
Natural gas 20%
Other 14%
Consumer Products
Thousands of everyday products are made
from natural resources.
To maintain modern life and to protect the
planet, people must use natural resources
wisely.
2. Resources can be conserved
and recycled
• Conservation involves reducing waste and
reusing natural resources.
• Recycling involves recovering and
extending natural resources.
• There are numerous conservation and
recycling programs all over the world.
Conservation
• Protects, restores and manages resources
• Reduces pollution to the air, water and soil
• Two ways to conserve are reduce and
reuse.
• Reduce: packaging, turning off water,
reduce trash, turn off lights
• Reuse: refill water bottles and ziploc bags,
donate old clothes
America’s Trash
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Paper 40.4%
Yard trimmings 17.6%
Metals 8%
Plastics 8%
Food 7.4%
Glass 7%
Other 11.6%
Recycle
• 90% newspapers printed on one Sunday
saves 500,000 trees (a forest)
• One recycled bottle lights a 100 watt bulb
for 4 hours
• Five 2 liter plastic bottles fills the inside of
a ski jacket
• It takes less energy to make products from
recycled materials!
3. Energy comes from other natural
resources
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Nuclear energy
Hydroelectric energy
Solar Energy
Geothermal energy
Wind energy
Biomass energy
Hydrogen fuel cell energy
Nuclear
• Used to produce electricity
• Nuclear fission-nucleus of a radioactive
atom is split forming lighter elements and
releasing a huge amount of energy
• Use uranium atoms as fuel- 20 million
times more energy than burning one
molecule of natural gas-but produces
nuclear waste for thousands of years
Hydroelectric Energy
• Electricity can be produced by moving
water
• Examine the illustration of a hydroelectric
dam on page 340
• Environmental problems with the dam are
habitat destruction and migration patterns
• Dams also supply less water downstream
for crops and farm animals
Solar Energy
• Every day of sunshine could = 1.5 years of
needed energy
• Solar cells changes light energy to
electricity
• Solar panels are even used to power
spacecraft
• Problems: very expensive and needs to
improve technology for the world
Geothermal Energy
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Produced by heat within Earth’s crust
Study illustration on page 342
Clean and renewable
Problem: limited areas have access to it
due to requiring hot water to be close to
the surface
Wind Energy
• Wind farms are normally found on large
flat land masses
• Clean and renewable
• Problem: depends on the direction and
angle of the wind-unpredictable
Biomass Energy
• Organic matter from plant and animal
waste can be used as fuel
• Sugar and starch in corn and potatoes are
used to make ethanol
• Renewable
• Problem: takes a lot of space to convert
and too expensive
Hydrogen Fuel Cells
• Hydrogen is the simplest atom made up of
one proton and one electron
• It is split to produce electricity from the
electron
• Used in space by NASA
• Renewable
• Problem: Flammable and expensive