Transcript WP1000 presentation

CAPACITY
User Requirements
by Albert P H Goede
7 April 2004, KNMI
Objective of Work Package 1000
 Definition of User Requirements for
Operational Monitoring of Atmospheric Composition
 Based on input User Consultation on present and
future needs for atmospheric observations
WP1000 Reference Documents
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WG 1 to 5 reports User Consultation (January 2004)
Report JM Flaud Air Quality (February 2004)
IGOS-P IGACO Theme Report (May 2004)
GMES GATO Strategy Report (March 2004)
GEO User Requirement and Outreach (April 2004)
CAPACITY PM2 KNMI, 7 April 2004
WP 1000 Approach
(recall KO meeting 3 September 2003)
Workshop 20/21 January 2004
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List of participants/Users, Session/panel leaders, rapporteur/report
editor, presenters at workshop
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Input information based on Ch3 and 4 CAPACITY
Out before and around X-mas. Prelim announcement October time.
User preparation (through GMES ?)
MTR User feedback June 2004
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Production of requirement Tables, iteration with team (Feb-April).
Tables out to users May 2004.
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Feedback MTR. Consolidation requirements
CAPACITY PM2 KNMI, 7 April 2004
Relevant Initiatives and Programmes
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GEOSS 10 yr Implementation plan Feb 2005, including
UV, Air Pollution and Climate Change
EC GMES action plan 2004-2008, 6thEAP including Air
Quality and Climate Change
IGOS-P IGACO Integrated Global Observation strategy
10 year
EC GMES GATO definition of global atmospheric
observations
ESA GMES PROMOTE operational atmosphere service
2004-2004, 2006-2008, 2009-2013
EUMETSAT MetOp 2005-2020 operational atmospheric
monitoring mission (GOME, IASI, AVHRR)
CAPACITY PM2 KNMI, 7 April 2004
Atmospheric Composition Areas
and Applications
Protocols
Ozone/UV
Air Pollution
Climate-Chemistry
Montreal
CFC
verification
ozone
monitoring
CLRTAP, EC directives
AP emission verification
AP trend monitoring
Kyoto
GHG
emission
verification
GHG trend monitoring
emission
trend
Forecast
Stratospheric O3
Surface UV
NWP
Local Air Quality
Chemical Weather
Aviation routeing
Climate scenarios
NWP reanalysis
Understanding
global observations
chemistry
and
transport models,
WMO assessments
Global, regional and
local,
observations
regional
and
local
boundary
layer
modelslong-range
transport models
Long-term observations
UTLS
transport/chemistry
Boundary
layer
transport
Inverse modelling
IPCC assessments
CAPACITY PM2 KNMI, 7 April 2004
User Requirements Ozone
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Policy: Montreal
Observations: ground, aircraft, satellites
Models: data assimilation
Primary product for Protocol Monitoring and
Understanding (accuracy):
 Total ozone time series 1979-2020 retrieved from
TOMS, GOME, SCIA, OMI, GOME-2 at 1%
accuracy. Spatial and Temporal requirements as
per IGACO Tables
CAPACITY PM2 KNMI, 7 April 2004
User Requirements Ozone
Primary products for Forecast and Understanding
(accuracy):
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Daily level 2 total ozone (1%)
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Daily level 4 (assimilated) total ozone (1%)
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Daily 5-10 day total ozone forecast (1%)
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Daily 3D stratosphere ozone (assimilated total O3)
(1%)
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Daily troposphere ozone column fields (assimilated
total O3) (10%)
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Daily level 2 ozone profiles (5%)
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Daily level 4 ozone profiles (assimilated O3 profiles)
CAPACITY PM2 KNMI, 7 April 2004
User Requirements UV
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Policy: Montreal
Observations: ground, satellites
Models: assimilated O3 fields, radiation transfer,
clouds (model and forecast)
Primary product for Protocol Monitoring, Forecast and
Understanding:
 UV index (clear sky) time series, global and
regional maps, monthly/seasonal averages, 1
index point accuracy.
 UV dose (clouded) time series, global and
regional maps, monthly/seasonal averages,
25W/m2 CIE weighted accuracy.
 Spatial and temporal as per IGACO
CAPACITY PM2 KNMI, 7 April 2004
User Requirements Air Pollution
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Policy: CLRTAP and EC Framework Directives
Observations: ground, satellite
Models: CTMs (meteo fields, emissions, assimilation)
Requirements:
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Air quality (Boundary Layer)
Oxidising capacity (Free troposphere)
Long Range Transport
CAPACITY PM2 KNMI, 7 April 2004
1. Air Quality
Spatial and temporal requirements for BL and FT:
Horizontal Scale: 50 km down to 10 km
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Vertical Scale: FT/BL typically 1km
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Temporal Resolution: 6 hours (fronts) down to 1 hourly
In case data assimilation is available:
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less stringent constraints
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global coverage
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time series over decades (> 2 solar cycles)
Analysis of causes requires additional data on:
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understanding deposition:
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Stratosphere/Troposphere Exchange
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Photolysis Rates + Temperature
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Hydrocarbons (VOC, natural) (Not in IGACO), CO, CH4, H2O,
NOx (NO + NO2), CH2O, PAN…
CAPACITY PM2 KNMI, 7 April 2004
2. Oxidising Capacity
Understanding requires data on:
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Trend in OH, globally better than 1%, regionally better
than 5% by indirect methods (methyl Chloroform) or more
direct: via simultaneous measurement of H2O, O3, NOx, CH4,
CO, in combination with modelling.
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Analysis of causes why OH is changing requires observational
data at process level:
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Production: O3, NO + NO2, H2O2, ROOH, photolysis,
Temperature, H2O
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Loss: CO, CH4, Hydrocarbons, CH2O, O3, NO2, …
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Related data: HO2, CH3O2,
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Relevant Scales: see IGACO
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Modelling is needed:
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Emissions (NOx, Biomass Burning)
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Surface Albedo, J-values, Aerosols, …
CAPACITY PM2 KNMI, 7 April 2004
3. Long Range Transport
Observations are required on: CO, NOx/NOy, O3,
POPs, Hg
Scales:
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Horizontal Scale: 50 km down to10 km
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Vertical Scale: FT/BL/UTLS down to 1km
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Temporal resolution: daily down to 6 hours (fronts)
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CAPACITY PM2 KNMI, 7 April 2004
Air Pollution Monitoring and Understanding
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Free Troposphere NO2 global field, location specific time series
Boundary Layer NO2 global field, location specific time series
Troposphere O3 global field, location specific time series
Boundary Layer O3 global field, location specific time series
Troposphere aerosol AOD/Å, regional/global time series annual
mean
Boundary Layer aerosol AOD/Å, regional/global time series
SO2 troposphere, high pollution regions/episodes
HCHO troposphere, high pollution regions/episodes
CO total, regional, global.
Troposphere CO, regional, global.
CH4 total, troposphere, regional, global
H2O vapour total and free troposphere, regional and global
CAPACITY PM2 KNMI, 7 April 2004
Air Pollution Forecasting
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Air Quality Forecast regional, local.
Air Quality Index based on mixture of O3, NO2,
PM10, SO2, and CO ground level values, accuracy
according to EC directives.
CAPACITY PM2 KNMI, 7 April 2004
User Requirements Climate Change
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Policy: Kyoto
Observations: ground, satellite
Models: CCM, inverse models, assimilation
Requirements:
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Concentration distributions
Emissions
CAPACITY PM2 KNMI, 7 April 2004
Climate Chemistry
H2O, O3, aerosol, cirrus, and CH4
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Sampling/resolution
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Vertical: generally 2 km or better (especially in trop)
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Horizontal: ~10 km2 (controlled by cloud in lower
trop)
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Sampling/resolution requirements lower in
stratosphere
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Daily (at least)
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Precision/accuracy:
typically ~10%
CAPACITY PM2 KNMI, 7 April 2004
Emissions
Kyoto gases CO2, CH4, N2O, SF6, HFC’s, CFC’s
Spatial and temporal range:
Horizontal: global
Height: troposphere down to boundary layer
Time: decadal
Sampling/resolution
Vertical: boundary layer
Horizontal: ~10 km2 country wise
Monthly/seasonally
Precision/accuracy:
See ESA study Kyoto, albeit without integrated
approach. Integrated approach will relax
requirements (CO2)
CAPACITY PM2 KNMI, 7 April 2004
Summary
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Long-term continuity of data is an important
operational monitoring (GMES) requirement
Identify data gaps left by MetOp ie. In Air Pollution
and Climate
Air Quality requires high temporal resolution and
boundary layer data
Climate change requires GHG concentrations
(IASI?)
And emissions (most challenging on accuracy)
CAPACITY PM2 KNMI, 7 April 2004