Transcript Week 8
SPED 417/517 Atypical Sensory and Motor Development Atypical Sensory-Motor Development •Muscle tone is abnormal •Primitive reflexes persist •Postural control and movement are difficult •Positioning and handling problems lead to orthopedic problems •Functional skill development is interrupted Sensory-Motor Interventions •Creating interventions based on sensory qualities •Creating interventions based on motor qualities Frames of Reference •Neurodevelopmental •Sensory Integrative •Behavioral •Cognitive •Developmental •Adaptive approaches •Other –Joint mobilization –Myofacial release techniques –Craniosacral therapy Westling & Fox Chapter 13 •Atypical sensory responses –Limited experience with touch input leading to tactile defensiveness –Inappropriate proprioceptive input due to tone differences impacting movement –Difficulty processing vestibular input leading to difficulty with position changes –Restricted diets interfere in taste experiences leading to resistance with tastes and smells •Intervention techniques –Modify sensory inputs from environment –Provide sensory inputs as needed Westling & Fox Chapter 13 •Abnormal muscle tone –Affects ability to produce controlled muscle contractions –Interferes in posture and movement •Intervention techniques –Inhibition and facilitation –Environment and physiology •medication •environmental visual & auditory inputs •interactions •fatigue & mood Westling & Fox Chapter 13 •Primitive reflexes –Asymmetrical tonic neck reflex (ATNR) –Symmetrical tonic neck reflex (STNR) –Tonic labyrinthine reflex (TLR) •Intervention techniques –avoid positions which trigger response –facilitate opposing postures –normalize tone Westling & Fox Chapter 13 •Posture and movement –Cycle of development of abnormal movement Tone difference Change in muscle length Orthopedic changes Stereotypical posture & movement Difficulty sustaining body alignment Proximal adjustments Compensatory movement patterns Westling & Fox Chapter 13 •Intervention techniques –Positioning •Remedial •Compensatory –Handling •Normalizing tone •Facilitating normal postures Atypical Development •Prone •Supine •Sitting •Standing •Walking •All-fours •Oral-motor •Upper body •General mobility Development of prone •Tone •Quality •Quantity Dysfunction •increased, decreased, fluctuating tone •fluidity, efficiency, effort •alignment, adaptability Affected life tasks •limited sleeping positions •decreased play options •limit development of trunk control •interfere with mobility development Development of supine •Tone •Quality •Quantity Dysfunction •increased, decreased, fluctuating tone •fluidity, efficiency, effort •alignment, adaptability Affected life tasks •limited sleeping options •decreased play positions •limited opportunity for use of hands •interferes with development of general mobility •Tone •Quality •Quantity sitting Dysfunction •increased, decreased, fluctuating tone •fluidity, efficiency, effort •alignment, adaptability Affected life tasks •decreased overall independence •limited play options •interferes with daily cares •impacts social interactions •interferes with development of attention and learning Standing •Tone •Quality •Quantity Dysfunction •increased, decreased, fluctuating tone •fluidity, efficiency, effort •alignment, adaptability Affected life tasks •decreased overall independence •limits mobility preparation •decreases access to environment •impacts growth and development •Tone •Quality •Quantity walking Dysfunction •increased, decreased, fluctuating tone •fluidity, efficiency, effort •alignment, adaptability Affected life tasks •limits overall independence in daily tasks •decreased mobility •limits play options •interferes with personal interaction •lack of exploration •Tone •Quality •Quantity all-fours Dysfunction •increased, decreased, fluctuating tone •fluidity, efficiency, effort •alignment, adaptability Affected life tasks •impacts development of postural control •decrease mobility •limits play options •limits exploration •limits sensory opportunities oral-motor •Tone •Quality •Quantity Dysfunction •increased, decreased, fluctuating tone •fluidity, efficiency, effort •alignment, adaptability Affected life tasks •impacts daily nutrition •interferes with sensory exploration •impacts development of communication •affects personality and social interactions upper body •Tone •Quality •Quantity Dysfunction •increased, decreased, fluctuating tone •fluidity, efficiency, effort •alignment, adaptability Affected life tasks •lack of exploration of environment •decreased dexterity and bilateral control •limits play skills and learning potential •interferes with daily life tasks general mobility •Tone •Quality •Quantity Dysfunction •increased, decreased, fluctuating tone •fluidity, efficiency, effort •alignment, adaptability Affected life tasks •affects independence •interferes with play skills •limits exploration of environment •limits transitions •impacts development of postural control Application •Consider routine task •How does difference in tone affect task? •How does quality of movement affect task? •How does quantity of movement options affect task?