Transcript Elements of Music - Taylor County Schools

Arts and Humanities
Music Review
Elements of Music
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Rhythm
Tempo
Melody
Harmony
Form
Timbre
Dynamics
Rhythm
• The pattern of notes and rests
Tempo
• The speed of the music
Tempo Markings
• Largo
– Very slow
• Moderato
– Medium speed
• Allegro
– Fast tempo
• Presto
– Very fast
Melody
• The main part of the song that can be
hummed by the listener
Harmony
• Two or more notes sounded together
Form
• The way the music is organized
– Overture
• Introduction for operas and ballets
Types of Forms
• AB
– 2 contrasting sections
• ABA
– 2 contrasting sections that repeats back to the
1st section
• Call and Response
– One group performs and another group
echoes
Timbre
• The unique characteristic of sound
• VOCAL TIMBRES
– Soprano
• High Female Voice
– Alto
• Low Female Voice
– Tenor
• High Male Voice
– Bass
• Low Male Voice
INSTRUMENT FAMILIES
• Woodwind
– Flute, Clarinet, Saxophone, Oboe, Bassoon
• Brass
– Trumpet, French Horn, Trombone, Tuba
• String
– Violin, Viola, Cello, Double Bass, Guitar
• Percussion
– Drums, Xylophone, Tambourine, Cymbals
Dynamics
• The loudness or softness of music
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Pianissimo (pp)
Piano (p)
Mezzo Piano (mp)
Mezzo Forte (mf)
Forte (f)
Fortissimo (ff)
Very Soft
Soft
Moderately Soft
Moderately Loud
Loud
Very Loud
Music Symbols
• Staff
• Treble Clef
• Bass Clef
Baroque Period
• Important Composers
– George Frederic Handel
• Known for oratorios (“The Messiah”)
– Johann Sebastian Bach
• Cantatas for his church services
Classical Period
• Important Composers
– Franz Josef Haydn
• “The father of the Symphony”
– Ludwig Van Beethoven
• Most well known is his “5th Symphony”
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
• A child prodigy
• Wrote many
symphonies and
operas
Romantic Period
• Important Composers
– Richard Wagner
• Known for his operas
• Ride of the Valkyries
• The Flying Dutchman
– Peter Tchaikovsky
• Known for his ballets
• The Nutcracker, Swan Lake,
Romeo & Juliet
Modern Period
• Jazz Music
– Combines spirituals, blues, and improvisation
to create a new and unique style
• Improvisation
– To create music
spontaneously
(“on the spot”)
Purposes of Music
• Ceremonial
– Music for ceremonies and rituals
– Star Spangled Banner, Wedding March
• Artistic
– Music used to express emotion
– Ballet Music
• Recreational
– Music for Fun
– Dance Music