Transcript Binomial Nomenclature

• Taxonomy: Branch of
biology that groups all
life according to their
characteristics and
history
• All life on earth is
placed into 1 of 6
kingdoms:
– Eubacteria
prokaryotes
– Archaea
– Protista
– Fungi
eukaryotes
– Plantae
– Animalia
• Developed classification
system based on physical
features
• Many rules still used today
– Binomial Nomenclature:
System of giving every
organism 2 names
– 1st word: Genus (broad)
– 2nd word: Species (specific)
• Example: House cat
– Genus: Felis (cougars, lions,
tigers, cheetahs, etc…)
– Species: catus
• When Writing:
– Genus capitalized
– species lowercase
– Underlined entirely
Ex: Homo sapiens
• When Typing:
– Same, except use italics
Ex: Homo sapiens
• 7 individual levels (taxa)
used to classify organisms
Kingdom (broadest)
Kings
Phylum
Play
Class
Chess
On
Order
Fine
Family
Gold
Stools
Genus
Species (specific)
• Allows relationships to be
clearly seen
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
The more levels
in common...the
more related the
species.
Which two organisms are most related to
one another?
Killer Whale
K = Animals
P = Chordata
C = Mammals
O = Cetacea
F = Delphinidae
G = Orcinus
S = orca
Red Wolf
K = Animals
P = Chordata
C = Mammals
O = Carnivora
F = Canidae
G = Canis
S = vulpes
Polar Bear
K = Animals
P = Chordata
C = Mammals
O = Carnivora
F = Ursidae
G = Ursus
S = arctos
Oh Looney Toons!
Oh Looney Toons!
Kobe??? Who Cares!?!?!?!
• A patient walks in with • You recognize that the fungus is very
similar to the infectious fungus known
an unknown fungal skin
as Malassezia furfur.
disease. You are able to
partially classify the
K: Fungi
new fungus.
P: Basidiomycota
C: Heterobasidiomycetes
O: Tremellales
F: Filobasidiaceae
G: Malassezia
S: furfur
K: Fungi
P: Basidiomycota
C: Heterobasidiomycetes
O: Tremellales
F: Filobasidiaceae
• How can classification help this
patient?
G: ?????
• Perhaps the Malassezia furfur
S: ?????
treatment can be applied to our
unknown disease.
Using a
dichotomous
key
What is this item?
Using a
dichotomous
key
What is this item?