Transcript J - Denton ISD

8 Some bacteria benefit mammals by
• Kingdom Bacteria has
helping with —
beneficial and harmful
F growth
members
G defense
H digestion
J respiration
• The best answer here is
H, since digestion
systems of mammals
contain bacteria.
• Bacteria found in the
respiratory system
usually result in illness,
which would trigger the
defenses, not help
them.
Practice Question
H. pylori bacteria are known to cause stomach ulcers,
which are sores in the lining of the stomach. The
sores are vulnerable to damage by stomach acids. A
doctor may treat ulcers by prescribing an antibiotic,
which will
A. neutralize stomach acids
B. stop formation of stomach acids
C. kill the H. pylori bacteria
D. cover sores in the stomach lining
C
Practice Question
Streptococcus infection in a person’s throat
can cause pain and fever. Streptococcus can be
controlled by antibiotics. Streptococcus is a —
F virus
G bacterium
H protozoan
G
J fungus
Practice Question
Which of the following explains why antibiotics can
treat flu-like symptoms caused by bacteria but are
ineffective against flu?
A Flu is a response to an antigen.
B Antibiotics require time to work.
C Antibiotics strengthen antibodies.
D Flu is caused by a virus.
D
Practice Question
Viruses differ from bacteria in that all virusesF cause insect-borne diseases
G can be destroyed by antibiotics
H have rigid cell walls
J
J must be reproduced in living cells
PUBLIC SERVICE
ANNOUNCEMENT: Facts
About the Flu Vaccine
1. The vaccine may be
administered either as a nasal
spray or as an injection.
2. Prior to administration, nasalspray vaccines must be stored
at 15°C or lower.
3. In an experiment, vaccine
recipients had 85% fewer flu
episodes than nonrecipients.
4. The vaccine virus is heat
sensitive and fails to replicate
at temperatures of 38°C–39°C.
4 Which statement
above makes the
most valid
argument in favor
of receiving the flu
vaccine?
These are administration
F Statement 1
directions, not reasons to
Statement 2
getGvaccinated
H Statement 3
J Statement
4
This
is administration
directions, not a reason to
get vaccinated
Practice Question
Enzymes allow viruses to insert their genetic material
into the host cell’s DNA. The virus benefits from this
action by —
A acquiring the traits of the host cell
B
B causing the host cell to produce viruses
C introducing random deadly mutations into
the host cell
D turning the host cell into a virus
36 Viruses can be transmitted in a variety of ways. The
virus that causes SARS (severe acute respiratory
syndrome) can be transmitted when an infected
person coughs or sneezes. This virus is transmitted in
a manner most similar to the transmission of —
F smallpox
G AIDS
H West Nile virus
J influenza
The only way living things or viruses can reproduce is to
have a blue print and that is stored in genetic material
such as DNA or in viruses, RNA.
17 Which of the following is found in both cells
and viruses?
A Silica
B Genetic material
C Digestive cavity
D Flagella
Means reduced immune system or . . .
21 People infected with the human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV) have an increased risk of dying from
secondary infections. Which of these best explains how
HIV increases the danger of secondary infections?
A HIV produces antigens that damage red blood cells.
Damage
red blood
cells would
be harmful
effecting the
B HIV
addstogenetic
material
from
microbes.
circulatory system.
C HIV destroys helper T cells.
Adding genetic material would be a mutation not infection
D HIV consumes beneficial microbes in the body.
If it only destroyed “helper cells” it would not be an infection
24 Many species of bacteria can be found in the human
mouth. Which of these explains the great variety of
bacteria in the mouth?
Although
bacteria
quitebacteria
easily, simply
being inform.
air,
F Large
volumes
ofmutate
air cause
to change
or near salivary
not sufficient
cause a
G Salivary
glandsglands
causeismutations
intobacterial
mutation. Mutations occur naturally, but not so as to
populations.
produce
lots of of
new
species inmakes
our mouth.
Not F oraG
H The
presence
nutrients
the mouth
favorable habitat.
J Calcium in the teeth provides a suitable pH
environment.
Calcium
is an element, not an acid or base, so it will not
affect pH - Not J
6 Most viruses infect a specific kind of cell.
Which of the following are infected by the
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?
F Helper T cells
G Liver cells
H GABA-receptor cells
J Red blood cells
Practice Question
Which of these conditions is caused by bacteria?
F AIDS
G Seasonal allergies
H Dental cavities
J Colds
H
Practice Question
Scientists are designing new medicines to fight
infectious diseases caused by viruses. One of the
most effective ways these medicines could limit the
spread of the virus within the body would be to
A. prevent viruses from dividing
B. burst cells infected with viruses
C
C. stop viruses from attaching to cells
D. make it easier for viruses to leave cells
Practice Question
Which of the following conclusions is
supported by the information to the right?
F Antibiotics have intensified the symptoms of M.
tuberculosis infections.
G M. tuberculosis is becoming extinct because of antibiotics.
H Antibiotics have caused M. tuberculosis to reproduce at a
faster rate.
J M. tuberculosis has developed resistance to antibiotics.
J
Practice Question
Lactose is a naturally occurring sugar found in milk.
Some dairy products, such as yogurt, may contain
live bacteria. These products are useful to people
who lack the ability to digest lactose. What does this
information demonstrate?
A Bacteria raise the acidity of processed foods.
B Some bacteria interfere with digestion.
D
C Bacteria can prevent insulin production.
D Some bacteria are beneficial to human health.
Practice Question
Viruses can be transmitted
in a variety of ways. The
virus that causes SARS
(severe acute
respiratory syndrome)
can be transmitted when
an infected person
coughs or sneezes. This
virus is transmitted in a
manner most similar to F smallpox
the transmission of —
G AIDS
H West Nile
virus
J influenza
J