Transcript MRSA & Bloodborne Pathogens

MRSA & Bloodborne
Pathogens
WARNING: Some of the
following pictures may be gross
Objectives



Define MRSA, Staph, bloodborne pathogens,
and universal precautions
Recognize symptoms of MRSA and how it is
spread
List 2 bloodborne pathogens and their
symptoms
MRSA
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureas

What is it?


“Staph” = bacteria that live on the skin & in the
nose
Usually harmless


Estimated though that staph fatalities may exceed
AIDS deaths
MRSA = type of staph

Resistant to several types of antibiotics
MRSA

Who gets it?



Anyone
Most often in hospitals &
healthcare facilities
Athletes or other
individuals in high
contact activities
MRSA

How is it spread?



Touching the infected skin/wound
Sharing objects such as towels or athletic equipment
Typically through physical contact (not air)
What does MRSA look like?



Mainly on skin, in the nose, in wounds, or in urine &
blood
Around open wounds or other openings where
bacteria can get inside the body
Common skin conditions caused by MRSA:





Infected cuts
Boils
Infected hair follicles
Fluid filled blisters (impetigo)
Skin sores that look like insect bites
MRSA

Can spread to surrounding tissue

Leads to abscesses or infections of the:




Blood
Bone
Heart infections
Treatment?

Some antibiotics are successful
Once MRSA is gone…




Bacteria may still live in your nose
Wash hands often
Sneeze or cough into tissue
If new infection occurs, cover & see MD
Prevention?


Wash hands often!!
If skin infection occurs, keep
area clean & covered



Change bandage often –
especially if wet
Prevent wound drainage from
coming in contact with anyone
else
Avoid public spas, saunas, pools,
manicures, gyms, etc
**Bloodborne Pathogens


**Pathogenic microorganisms that can
potentially cause disease
**Universal Precautions



**Assume all fluid is contaminated fluid
Cover open skin wounds
Remove bleeding athletes from play


Possible uniform change
**Protective equipment

**Gloves, gowns, masks, eye shield, CPR masks
**Hepatitis B




**Major cause of viral infection affecting liver
functions
Dramatic increase in last 10 years
Stronger, more durable than HIV
Signs/Symptoms


Flulike, **jaundice, not present
Transmission

Direct & indirect (surfaces – 1 week) contact
Hepatitis B

Infectious Material


Prevention


Blood, saliva, semen, feces, food, water
Good hygiene, avoid high risk behaviors, vaccine
Recovery

Usually within 6-8 weeks
**Human Immunodeficiency
Virus (HIV)



**Viral infection that attacks healthy cells
Estimated 40 million by 2000
Signs/Symptoms


Fever, night sweats, weight loss, diarrhea, severe
fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, lesions, none (8-10
years)
Transmission

Direct & indirect contact
HIV

Infectious materials


Management


Blood, semen, vaginal fluid
“cocktails”
**Prevention


**Education
Little risk to athletes, but possible