Transcript FIRESCOPE ICS –US&R - Glendale Community College

US&R Medical Care and Safety
for Victims
Basic Medical Considerations
• For Rescuers
– Primary objective is to stabilize collapsed
structures
– Rescuers must protect themselves with proper gear
• For Victims
– Establish victim collection areas
– Use established triage procedures
– Consider length of entrapment
Entrapment Survival
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30 minutes
1 day
2 days
3 days
4 days
5 days
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91% survival
81%
36.7%
33.7%
19%
7.4%
Injuries Associated
with Structural Collapse
• High potential for rescuer injury
• Significant fall or crush potential
• Types of injury
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Head, neck, back trauma
Broken bones and soft tissue injuries
Compartment and Crush Syndrome
Hypothermia
Hypovolemia
Dehydration
Inhalation injury
Compartment Syndrome
• Limbs trapped longer than 4 hours
• Tissue death begins
• Severe swelling of surrounding tissue that
restricts blood flow
Crush Syndrome –
“Grateful Dead”
• Pressure on body part for over 4 hours
• Tissue death begins
• Sudden release of pressure and toxins can cause
heart dysrhythmias and kidney failure
• Can be alive one minute and then dead the next
minute after releasing the victim from the collapse
• Treatment
– Prior to releasing from the collapse
– Oxygen, IVs, EKG, Meds
– Requires ALS care
Victim Medical Care and Safety
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High flow oxygen
C-spine immobilization
EKG monitor
ALS Medications
Victim packaging for removal
Maintain body temperature
Possible head, eye and respiration protection
Protect from rescue operations
Caution during victim movement over debris piles
Basic Infectious Disease Safety
• Rescuer PPE for infectious precautions
– Protects against cuts and abrasions
– Protect eyes, respiratory and mucous
membranes
– Rubber gloves under leather work gloves
– Tyvec type moisture barrier outer wear
General PPE Rules
• “If its warm and wet and not yours, get it off you
as soon as possible”
• Wash with soap and water or mild disinfectant
• Wash hands and face prior to eating
• Remove and wash clothing, boots, gloves if
contaminated
• Immunizations need to be current
– Hepatitis, Tetanus