Transcript Dog Diseases and Parasites

Dog Diseases and Parasites
Mr. Swartz
Animal Vet Science
What’s Covered?
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Infectious Diseases
Noninfectious Diseases
Fungal Diseases
Internal Parasites
External Parasites
Poisonings
Diseases
• Infectious Diseases – Diseases that are transmittable from animal to
animal
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Air
Bodily Fluids
Bodily Secretions
Contact or Exposure
Diseases
• Noninfectious Diseases– Diseases that are not transmittable from animal to
animal
– Caused by natural aging
– Diet
– Health Care
Dog Fungal Diseases
• Fungal Disease – Fungus is a primitive vegetable
» Mushrooms
» Mold
» Mildew
– Live in air, soil, plants and in water. (some in
animals body)
– Only half of fungi are harmful
Internal Parasites
• Internal Parasites
– Live inside the host
– Intestines
– Heart
– Circulatory System
External Parasites
• External Parasites – Live outside the host
– Skin
– Coat
Infectious Diseases
• Canine Distemper
– Viral Disease that affects respiratory,
gastrointestinal and CNS
– Causes by the canine distemper virus (CDV)
Infectious Diseases
• Canine Distemper “Prevention”
– Animals must be vaccinated
– Transmitted mostly by being airborne
• Canine Distemper “Symptoms”
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Fever 103-106
Conjunctivitis and Rhinitis
Loss of Appetite
Diarrhea
Paralysis
Infectious Diseases
• Infectious Diseases
– Kennel Cough
• Term commonly applied to upper respiratory
problems in dogs
– Tracheobronchitis
– Bordetellosis
– Bordetella
• Bacterial infection
Infectious Diseases
• Infectious Diseases
– Kennel Cough “Symptoms”
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Dry hacking cough
Watery nasal discharge
Fever
Lethargy
– Kennel Cough “Treatment”
• Mild cases -run course
• Severe cases - Medication
– Kennel Cough “Prevention”
• Keep your dog away from other, especially pups
• Vaccination
Infectious Diseases
• Infectious Diseases
– Canine Hepatitis
• Disease of the liver and other body organs caused by
the adenovirus.
• Contamination by feces, cages, dishes, hands, etc..
Infectious Diseases
• Infectious Diseases
– Canine Hepatitis “Symptoms”
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Coughing
Cloudy Eyes
Kidney/Liver Failure “seizures”
Vomiting
– Canine Hepatitis “Treatment and Prevention”
• No specific treatment
• Vaccines to immunize puppies
Infectious Diseases
• Infectious Diseases
– Parvovirus
• Virus that attacks the gastrointestinal tract of puppies,
and dogs.
• It can also damage the heart muscle of young pups
Infectious Diseases
• Parvovirus “Symptoms”
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Lethargic
Loss of Appetite
Fever
Bloody Diarrhea
Most die within 48-72 hours of symptoms
• Parvovirus “Treatment and Prevention”
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No specific drug to kill virus
Hydration
Cleaning
Keeping pups away from fecal matter from others dogs
Infectious Diseases
• Infectious Diseases
– Canine Brucellosis
• Disease of the reproductive tract
– Female abortions
– Male infections
– Infertility in both sexes
• Spread by breeding
• Dirty conditions
Infectious Diseases
• Canine Brucellosis “Symptoms’
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Abortion of litters
Inflamed epididymis and testicles
Swollen lymph nodes
May not show a physical signs
• Canine Brucellosis “Treatment & Prevention’
• No vaccine
• Some drugs - not always effective
• Only prevention is to test broodstock
Noninfectious Diseases
• NonInfectious Diseases
– So what is a noninfectious disease again?
Noninfectious Diseases
• Noninfectious Disease
– Remember
• Most noninfectious disease are caused by
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Natural Aging
Environment
Diet
Care
Genetics
• So let’s brainstorm!
– What are some noninfectious disease???
Noninfectious Diseases
• Noninfectious Diseases
– Heart Disease
• Two Types
– Congenital
– Acquired
• Congenital
• Animal is born with it (very rare)
• Acquired
• Develops over time
Noninfectious Diseases
• Heart Diseases
– So what exactly is happening?
• Chronic Valvular Disease
– Heart Valves loose effeiceny
• Dilated Cardiomyopathy
– Muscle walls become weak and thin
– What is happen?
• Heart Failure
Noninfectious Diseases
• Heart Disease “Symptoms”
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Lack of Energy
Irregular and rapid breathing
Loss of appetite
Coughing
Weakness
Fainting
• Heart Disease “Treatment”
• No Treatment
• Medication
Noninfectious Diseases
• Cataracts
– Loss of opacity of eye lenses
– Cloudy eye
• Cataracts “Causes”
– Most are inherited
– UV Light
Noninfectious Diseases
• Cataract “Treatment”
– Surgery
Noninfectious Diseases
• Hip Dysplasia • Abnormal formation of hips
• Degenerative breakdown of joints
• Hip Dysplasia • Completely genetic and passed down for offspring to
offspring
Noninfectious Diseases
• Hip Dysplasia
Noninfectious Diseases
• Hip Dysplasia “Symptoms”
• Dog will rather sit than stand
• Slow getting up
• Stiff
• Young dogs
– Pups will run with back legs together
Noninfectious Diseases
• Noninfectious Disease
– Arthritis
• Inflammation of the joints
• Two types: Degenerative and Inflammatory
– Degenerative
• Destruction of cartilage that protects the bones
– Stress, dysplasis
– Inflammatory
• Causes by infection or immune-mediated disease
• Affects multiple joints
Noninfectious Disease
• Arthritis
Noninfectious Diseases
• Arthritis “Symptoms”
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Reluctance to walk, climb stairs, jump
Limping
Lagging
Difficulty rising
• Arthritis “Treatment”
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Pain Killers
Exercise
Rest
Surgery (in some cases)
Noninfectious Diseases
• Noninfectious Diseases
– Cherry Eye
• Prolapsed nictitating membrane (3rd eyelid)
• Hereditary weakness for the connective tissue
Noninfectious Diseases
• Cherry Eye “Symptoms”
• Visual redness
• 3rd eyelid becoming visible
• Cherry Eye “Treatment”
• Surgical Removal
Noninfectious Diseases
• Noninfectious Diseases
– Anal Sac Blockage
• Blocked anal sac glands
• Pimple
• Bacteria
Noninfectious Diseases
• Anal Sac Blockage “Symptoms”
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Swollen Anus
Foul Smell
Scratching and Biting
Trouble Defecating
• Anal Sac Blockage “Treatment”
• Squeezing the gland on occasion
• Surgical Removal
Noninfectious Diseases
• Review
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Heart Disease
Cataracts
Hip Dysplasia
Arthritis
Cherry Eye
Anal Sac Blockage
Fungal Diseases
• Dog Fungal Diseases
• Fungal Disease – Fungus is a primitive vegetable
» Mushrooms
» Mold
» Mildew
– Live in air, soil, plants and in water. (some in animals
body)
– Only half of fungi are harmful
Fungal Diseases
• Fungal Diseases
– Ringworm
• Caused by dermatophytes spores
• Hair Loss
• Very Contagious
Fungal Diseases
• Ringworm “Symptoms”
• Hair loss in ring formation
• Itching
• Ringworm “Treatment”
• Medicated shampoo
• Creams
Internal Parasites
• Internal Parasites
– Roundworms
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Live in dogs intestines
Consume partially digested feed
Passed by feces
Offspring to offspring
Internal Parasites
• Roundworms “Symptoms”
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Loss of appetite
Pot Belly
Vomiting
Diarrhea
• Roundworms “Treatment”
• Dewormer (2 - 4 Weeks)
Internal Parasites
• Internal Parasites
– Hookworms
• Small worm like parasites that hooks on the intestinal
wall
• Feeds on blood of host
• Contract orally, through skin, pass from off spring to
off spring
Internal Parasites
• Hook Worm “Symptoms”
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Pale Gums
Diarrhea
Weakness
Failure to grow properly
• Hook Worm “Treatment”
• Drugs (Oral or Injection)
– Drugs only kill adult hookworm
– One adult will lay 20, 000 larvae
– Human can not contract
Internal Parasites
• Internal Parasites
– Heart Worms
• Larvae that grow and develop in an animals heart and
lungs.
• Contract by infected mosquito
• Larvae grow 4 -5 inches in length
• Cause heart failurs
Internal Parasites
• Heart Worm “Symptoms”
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There are really no symptoms until advanced stages
Dull coat
Lack of energy
Coughing
Difficulty Breathing
Heart Failurs
• Heart Worm “Treatment”
• Drugs for prevention
• Treatment is tricky
Internal Parasites
• Internal Parasites
– Whipworm
• 1/4 long, live in lower intestines
• Causes severe irritations of intestinal lining
• One of the most pathogenic parasites in dogs
Internal Parasites
• Whipworm “Symptoms”
• Bloody Diarrhea
• Weight Loss
• Whipworm “Treatment”
• Dewormer
• Must continue deworming treatment for several months
Internal Parasites
• Review
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Roundworms
Heartworms
Hookworms
Whipworms
External Parasites
• External Parasites
• External Parasites – Live outside the host
– Skin
– Coat
External Parasites
• External Parasites
– Fleas
• Small fly/nat looking parasite
• Will lay egg in coat
• Bit animal to feed on blood
External Parasites
External Parasites
• Flea “Symptoms”
• Scratching and biting
• Red spots and rashes
• Flea “Treatment”
• Flea shampoo
• Medication (internal and external)
• Extermination
External Parasites
• External Parasites
– Tick
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Small parasites that feeds on host
Will bury itself into skin
May carry many other disease (lymes)
Feed off host and fall off
External Parasites
• Ticks “Symptoms”
• Ticks physically present
• Lymes disease - paralysis, arthritis
• Tick “Treatment”
• Physical removal
• Tick shampoo
• Lymes -No treatment, but drugs to relieve symptoms.