Transcript Circulatory and Respiratory System

Circulatory
System
Honors Biology
Powerpoint #4
Unit 8 – Chapter 37
Circulatory System
Circulatory System
• Structures:
o Heart, Blood vessels, blood
• Functions:
o Brings O2, nutrients and hormones to
cells, takes away CO2 and waste
o Fights infection
o Regulates body temperature.
Heart
• Made of cardiac
muscle
• Beats on average 6585 beats per minute
• Pumps to circulate
blood throughout the
body
Take your heart Rate
Blood Vessels:
•
•
•
Carry blood to cells
Lined with smooth muscle tissue
Three kinds:
1. Arteries
2. Capillaries
3. Veins
Arteries (carries blood away)
• Carry oxygenated blood from the heart
to the rest of the body.
Direction of blood flow
Capillaries
• Branch off of the Arteries
• The smallest of the blood vessels
o some have diameters as small as 1 red blood cell
• Takes blood to all cells where diffusion
occurs
Direction of blood flow
Capillaries
Veins
• Takes deoxygenated blood from the
capillaries back to the heart
Direction of blood flow
Comparing arteries and veins
• Why do arteries have thicker and stronger walls?
Veins
• Have valves to prevent backflow because not
receiving pressure from heart
• Muscles help pump blood back to heart
through the veins
Current Articles
• http://www.livescience.com/44882-earreattachment-leeches.html
Varicose veins
Treatment for
varicose/spider veins
• Sclerotherapy.
doctor injects the veins
with a solution that
scars and closes those
veins, causing the
blood to reroute
through healthier veins.
• Vein ligation/vein
striping
• Laser surgery. Laser
surgery works by sending
strong bursts of light into
the vein that make the
vein slowly fade and
disappear. No incisions
or needles are used. The
treatment is often less
effective than
sclerotherapy.
Blood
• The human
body has 4-6
liters of blood
• Blood:
o 45% of blood is
Cells
o 55% of blood is
plasma
Blood Cells: 3 kinds
• Red Blood Cells: transports oxygen,
contain hemoglobin (gives them
color)
• White Blood Cells (leukocytes):
attack foreign substances or
organisms.
• Platelets: stick to broken blood
vessels to stop bleeding when you
are cut
Plasma
• 90% water
• 10% other materials:
o Dissolved gases
o Salts
o Nutrients
o Enzymes
o Hormones
o Waste products
Upper body
Blood Flow in
the Heart
The Heart
• The human heart has four chambers
oLeft and right ventricle
oLeft and right atrium
• The left side of the heart pumps
oxygenated blood to the body
• The right side of the heart pumps
deoxygenated blood to the lungs
https://www.youtube.com/watch
?v=BEWjOCVEN7M
Left Atrium
Right Atrium
Right Ventricle
Left Ventricle
1) The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood
from the body through the superior and inferior
vena cava.
2) The right atrium pumps blood through
the tricuspid (AV) valve and into the right
ventricle
3) Right Ventricle Contracts and pushes blood
through pulmonary valve towards lungs
4) Blood is pushed through the pulmonary
arteries to the lungs to receive oxygen
5) Oxygenated blood returns to the left
atrium from the lungs through the
pulmonary veins
6) Blood passes through the bicuspid
(mitral) valve into the left ventricle.
7) Contraction of Left ventricle pumps
blood through aortic valve to the aorta
8)Blood travels through aorta and then to all regions of
the body where it feeds cells with oxygen picked up
from the lungs and nutrients from the digestive tract.