Transcript Circulatory System

• Made up of the heart, blood and blood
vessels.
• Blood moving from the heart and
delivering oxygen and nutrients to every
part of the body. On the return trip, the
blood picks up waste products so that your
body can get rid of them.
The Heart
• Is a muscle that is about the size of your
clenched fist.
• It contracts and relaxes some 70 or so
times a minute at rest -- more if you are
exercising.
• It squeezes and pumps blood through its
chambers to all parts of the body.
A – Superior Vena Cava – a
large vein that carries
deoxygenated blood from
the upper part of the body
to the right atrium.
B – Inferior Vena Cava – a
large vein that carries
deoxygenated blood from
the lower part of the body
to the right atrium.
C – Right Atrium –
receives deoxygenated
blood from the superior
and inferior vena cava's
and pumps it into the
right ventricle.
D – Right Ventricle –
receives deoxygenated
blood from the right
atrium and pumps it
into the pulmonary
artery.
E – Pulmonary Artery –
receives deoxygenated
blood from the right
ventricle and pumps it
to the lungs.
F – Pulmonary Vein –
carries oxygenated
blood from the lungs to
the left atrium.
G – Left Atrium –
receives oxygenated
blood from the lungs
through the pulmonary
vein.
H – Left Ventricle –
receives oxygenated
blood from the left
atrium and pumps the
oxygenated blood to
the rest of the body
through the aorta.
I – Aorta – receives
oxygenated blood from
the left ventricle and
takes it to the body.
Blood Vessels
• Hollow tubes that are used to carry blood.
• As blood flow through the circulatory
system, it moves through three types of
blood vessels – arteries, capillaries and
veins.
Arteries
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•
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Large vessels that carry blood from the
heart to the tissues of the body
Except for the pulmonary arteries, all
arteries carry oxygenated blood.
Have very thick walls that help them
withstand the powerful pressure
produced when the heart contracts and
pushes blood into the arteries.
Capillaries
•
•
•
The smallest of the blood vessels
The walls of capillaries are only one cell
thick
Capillaries bring nutrients and oxygen to
the tissues and absorb carbon dioxide
and other waste products
Vein
•
•
•
•
Veins return blood to the heart once it has
passed through the capillary system
Except for the pulmonary vein, all veins carry
deoxygenated blood
The walls of veins contain connective tissue
and smooth muscle but are not as thick
because they do not have the same applied
pressure as the arteries
Large veins such as those in the leg contain
valves that prevent back flow
Blood
• The human body contains about 4 to 6
liters of blood, which about 8 percent of
the total mass of the body. About 45% of
the volume of blood consists of cells, the
other 55% is a fluid called plasma.
• The cellular portion of blood consists of
red blood cells, white blood cells and
platelets
Red Blood Cells
• Red blood cells transport oxygen
– Hemoglobin is the protein that binds to
oxygen in the lungs
– Someone with anemia is deficient in
hemoglobin counts
• How does this affect them? Less oxygen = Less
energy
White Blood Cells
• White blood cells are the “army” of the
circulatory system – they guard against
infection, fight parasites and attack
bacteria
Platelets
• Platelets make blood clotting possible
– Someone with hemophilia is deficient in
platelets
FACTOIDS:
• The body of an adult contains over 60,000 miles of blood
vessels!
• An adult's heart pumps nearly 4000 gallons of blood
each day!
• Your heart beats some 30 million times a year!
• The average three-year-old has two pints of blood in
their body; the average adult at least five times more!
• A "heartbeat" is really the sound of the valves in the
heart closing as they push blood through its chambers.