Transcript Cardiovascular System

Cardiovascular System
Overview of the Cardiovascular
System
 Consists of the Heart, Blood Vessels, and
Blood of the body.
 The Heart beats over 100,000x each day.
 The heart pumps ~1,000 gallons of blood
through 60,000 miles of vessels.
 Function: Provide oxygen & nutrients to the
cells and eliminate waste.
–
–
–
–
Transports Hormones
Regulates Body Temp.
Immune Response
Water Balance
Structures of the Cardiovascular
System
 Blood Vessels
– Arteries: Carry blood away from the
heart.
– Veins: Carry blood toward the hearts.
– Capillaries: Small blood vessels that
terminate on organs and are a point
of gas exchange in the body.
Structures of the Cardiovascular
System
 The Heart
– It is a hollow muscular pump.
– Located in the thoracic cavity.
– 2/3rds of the heart lies to the left of the
mid-line.
– It is about the size of a clenched fist.
– Pericardium- Sac of connective tissue that
covers and protects the heart.
Heart Chambers
 The human heart contains 4 chambers
– 2 Atria (right & left), the superior chambers.
– 2 Ventricles ( right & left), the inferior
chambers.
Right Atrium
 Receives unoxygenated blood from all areas
of the body
 Pumps blood into the right ventricle through
the Tricuspid Valve (three cusps).
 Collects blood using three vessels:
– Superior Vena Cava-Comes from regions
above the heart (upper extremities).
– Inferior Vena Cava- Comes from regions
below the heart. (lower extremities)
– Coronary Sinus- Collects blood from the
heart wall.
Right Ventricle
 Receives unoxygenated blood from the
right atrium.
 Pushes blood through the pulmonary
valve to the pulmonary arteries.
 Blood is carried through the pulmonary
arteries to the lungs.
Left Atrium
 Collects oxygenated blood from the
lungs.
 Blood comes from 4 pulmonary veins.
 Pumps blood into the left ventricle
through the Mitral Valve (bicuspid, 2
cusps)
Left Ventricle
 Receives oxygenated blood from the left
atrium
 Pumps blood through the aortic valve
into the Aorta.
 The Aorta divides and carries
oxygenated blood to all areas of the
body.
 Coronary Arteries: Supplies
oxygenated blood to the heart wall.
The Heart
Heart Etc.
 Septum- Separates the heart chambers(one
atrial, one ventricle).
 Atrioventricle Valves (Av Valve) controlled
by muscle (papillary), between chambers
– Tricuspid
– Mitral (most commonly leaks)
– Heart Murmur- Leaky valve
 Semilunar Valves Controlled by pressure,
between ventricle and vessels.
– Pulmonary
– Aortic
Blood Flow