Transcript Writing formulas and naming ionic bonds

ELECTRON CONFIGURATIONS
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Sulfur
1s22s2sp63s23p4
Chromium
1s22s22p63s23p64s23d4
Lead (give the noble gas configuration)
[Xe]6s24f145d106p2
Barium
[Xe]6s2
Name the element…
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2p3
nitrogen
4s2
calcium
4d6
rhodium
5 p6
xenon
Identify As Either Ionic Or Covalent
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potassium hydroxide
ionic
Pb3S2
ionic
Nitrogen dioxide
Covalent
Carbon tetrachloride
covalent
ammonium sulfate
ionic
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Carbon monoxide
covalent
Magnesium chloride
ionic
Sulfur dioxide
covalent
Dihydrogen dioxide
covalent
Give the oxidation
numbers
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Oxygen
-2
Calcium
+2
Aluminum
+3
Chlorine
-1
So, how many protons
and electrons?
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Oxygen
8 p, 10 e
Calcium
12 p, 10 e
Aluminum
13 p, 10 e
Chlorine
17p 18 e
Writing Formulas And Naming Ionic Bonds
• KOH
potassium hydroxide
• (NH4)2S
ammonium sulfide
• KCl
potassium chloride
Li2S
• Lithium sulfide
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Calcium iodide
CaI2
Ammonium hydroxide
NH4OH
Aluminum chlorate
Al(ClO3)3
Lead(II) sulfide
Pb3S2
Magnesium hydroxide
Mg(OH)2
Writing formulas and
naming covalent bonds
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CO2
Carbon dioxide
CH4
Carbon tetrahydride
S3O
Trisulfur monoxide
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Sulfur trioxide
SiO3
Dinitrogen trisulfide
N2S3
P3N2
Triphosphorus dinitride
Complete The Blanks
In an ionic bond, electrons are ____.
Transferred
An ionic bond is always between a__ and a ___.
Metal, nonmetal
In a covalent bond, electrons are ____.
Shared
A covalent bond is always between 2 ____.
Nonmetals
When you name a covalently bonded molecule,
you use ____.
• prefixes
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• Given the two chemical equations, circle the one that is
balanced.
a. 2Na + Cl2 → 2NaCl
b. 2Na + 2Cl2 → 2NaCl
(a is balanced)
a. C3H8 + 5O2 → 3CO2 + 4H2O
b. 2C3H8 + 5O2 → 3CO2 + 8H2O
(a is balanced)
a. 2NH3 + 5O2 → 2NO + 3H2O
b. 4NH3 + 5O2 → 4NO + 6H2O
(b is balanced)
Balance the equations
____ Al + ____Fe3N2 → ___ AlN + ____ F
2,1,2,3
____Ag2S →____Ag + ____ S8
8, 16,1
____ ZnS + ____AlP → ____Zn3P2 + ____Al2S3
3, 2,1,1
____ Cu2O + ____ C → ____ Cu + ____ CO2
2,1,4,1
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The oxidation number of calcium is _____.
+2
Is calcium a metal or nonmetal?
Metal
Because it forms a positive ion, it is called a __.
cation
The oxidation number for chlorine is ____.
-1
Is it a metal or nonmetal?
Nonmetal
Because it forms a negative ion, it is called an ____.
anion
Definitions…
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The amount of matter in a substance?
Matter
The amount of space an object takes up is
Volume
A ratio that compares the mass of an object to its
volume?
• Density
• If you cut a piece of gold in half, it’s volume and
mass change. Does it’s density?
• No- density is an intrinsic property
Another half-life problem
• What is the half-life of an isotope if 125 g of a
1000 g sample of the isotope remains after 3.0
years?
• To go from 1000 g to 125 g means that 3 half
lives have passed. The half life must be 1 year.
1 year (1 half-life= 500 g) 2 year (2 half-lives =
250 g) 3 years (3 half-lives = 125 g left)
Identify The Reactant(s) In The Equation
• SnO2 + 2 H2 → Sn + 2 H2O
• SnO2 + 2 H2
• What are Sn + 2 H2O?
• The products
SOLID, LIQUID OR GAS?
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Fastest moving particles
Gas
Particles are tightly packed together
Solid
The state of matter with an indefinite shape
and definite volume
• Liquid
• Particles are in constant motion
• gas
• The state of matter with an indefinite shape and indefinite
volume
• gas
• The state of matter with a definite shape and definite volume
• Solid
• List the 3 types of nuclear
radiation in order from
most massive to least
massive.
• Alpha, beta, gamma
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What type of nuclear reaction occurs in the sun?
Fusion
What type of nuclear reaction produces electricity?
Fission
When a chemical reaction occurs, the mass of the
reactants ___ the mass of the products.
Equals
If the mass of the reactants is 10 g, then the mass of
the products is ___ g.
10
Which law explains why these must be equal?
Law of Conservation of Mass
SCIENTISTS…
• Bohr
Bohr Model
• Mendeleev
Organized Periodic Table by atomic number
• Rutherford
The atom is mostly empty space
• JJ Thompson
Plum pudding model
Democritus
First came up with the idea that all matter is made of
atoms, but that it cannot be broken down any further
• Review all the worksheets!!!
• Good luck!