Transcript GIC Analysis using PSS®E

Siemens Power Technologies International
GIC Analysis using PSS®E
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NERC TPL-007-1
Title:
Transmission System Planned Performance for Geomagnetic Disturbance
Events
Purpose:
Establish requirements for Transmission system planned performance during
geomagnetic disturbance (GMD) events.
Applicable to:
• Planning Coordinator
• Transmission Planner
• Transmission Owner
• Generator Owner
with Facilities that include power transformer(s) with a high side, wye-grounded
winding with terminal voltage greater than 200 kV.
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NERC TPL-007-1
GMD Vulnerability Assessment Process
PSS®E
GIC Module
PSS®E Analysis:
Contingency
QV
PV
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GMD Event
Uniform Geoelectric Field E(t)
• Ignores effects of local earth conductivity and local geomagnetic latitude
Non-uniform Geoelectric Field E(t)
• Considers 1-D local earth conductivity models
Benchmark GMD Event E(t)
• E = 8 V/km
• Considers α, the scaling factor to account for local geomagnetic latitude, and
β, the scaling factor to account for the local earth conductivity structure
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Development of DC System Model
Power flow network data reduced to just resistance network with these
modifications:
• The transmission lines modeled as resistor in series with induced voltage. Line
reactors / charging ignored.
• Grounded two- and three-winding transformers modeled with their winding
resistance to ground.
• Grounded auto-transformers are modeled
with their common and series winding resistance.
• Grounded Bus shunts are modeled.
• Equivalent station grounding resistance
is modeled.
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Required GIC Data
GIC Data File
• Data not found in PSS®E network files is provided in an external data file, *.gic
• PSS®E provides template to create such a .gic data file for desired subsystem
of the network
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Required GIC Data
Substations
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Required GIC Data
Transformers
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Required GIC Data
Shunts and Branches
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Required GIC Data
1-D Earth Conductivity Model
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How to run GIC Analysis in PSS®E?
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PSS®E GIC Analysis
Input and Output Options
Text
Report
GMD
Storm
Sub
System
Data
Defaults
GIC
Data
Calculation
Options
Output
Files
Electrojet
Chars.
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PSS®E GIC Calculations
GMD Storm Scenario
PSS®E GIC Data
PSS®E GIC
Module
PSS®E Power Flow Network
GICs,
Transformer Q
Losses
PSS®E Power Flow
Network with GIC
Losses
AC Power flow studies
Contingency analysis
PV/QV analysis
Dynamic analysis
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Contingency Analysis with Benchmark Event GMD
Effect of Geoelectric Field Direction
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Contingency Analysis with Uniform Field GMD
Effect of Geoelectric Field Magnitude
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QV Analysis with GMD
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Bus Voltages with GMD
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Substation and Branch GICs
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PSS®E GIC Module
Conclusion
• Fully integrated in PSS®E
• Uses standard PSS®E networks (.sav or .raw files)
• No Sequence data required
• Additional data required for GIC calculations supplied through external GIC
data file
• GIC data files can be prepared using interactive tools, GIC Python module and
Excel or a text editor
• Rich reporting and interactive diagrams
• Present GIC results on Network maps
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GMD Vulnerability Assessment
Conclusion
• The conversion of GIC flows in a transformer to reactive power losses is crucial
to ascertain and quantify GMD effects on power system performance. It is
important to note that having accurate K factors from transformer tests and
specifications will determine the accuracy of these studies.
• The earth conductivity models play a deterministic role in evaluating the GIC
flow in the network.
• For conservative power system performance evaluation under GMD events, it
is necessary to determine the geo-electric field orientation that would result in
maximum reactive power losses in transformers.
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Thank you for your attention!
Krishnat Patil
Senior Staff Engineer
Siemens Industry, Inc.
Siemens Power Technologies International
400 State Street
Schenectady, NY 12305
Phone: +1 (518) 395 5081
E-mail:
[email protected]
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