Transcript File
Repaso: los pronombres y los mandatos Español 2 Gramática 4.2 Los objetos directos A direct object is what receives the action of the verb in a sentence. It can be a thing or a person. She A direct object answers the question “what?” or “whom?” with regard to what the subject is doing. opens the book. Receives the Verb action Ella Mary What is she opening? abra el libro. smacked John. Verb Receives the action Mary golpeó John. Who is Mary smacking? Los objetos directos Direct object pronouns can stand for a person or an inanimate object, as long as it receives the action of the verb. The direct object pronouns in Spanish are: Can stand for él, ella, usted, or “it” Me Nos Te Os Lo / La Los / Las Can stand for ellos, ellas, ustedes, or “them” Los objetos indirectos An indirect object tells us to whom the direct object is going. An indirect object is the person who receives the direct object or benefits from the action of the verb. We use the preposition “a” before an indirect object Los objetos indirectos John buys the woman a gift. Verb The indirect object answers “to whom?” or “for whom?” the action of the verb is performed Indirect Object Direct Object The gift receives the action of being bought The woman benefits from the action and receives the direct object. John le compra un regalo a la señora. The hairdresser cut the woman’s hair. For whom is the hair cut? El peluquero le cortó el pelo a la señora. Los objetos indirectos Indirect object pronouns stand for the person that benefits from the action or receives the direct object. The indirect object pronouns in Spanish are: Me Nos Te Os Le Les Los verbos y pronombres reflexivos In English, to talk about what a person did to himself or herself, you either use a reflexive pronoun or you use a possessive adjective with a part of the body. I I burned myself. burned my hand. Possessive adjective Reflexive pronoun Los verbos y los pronombres reflexivos In Spanish, you always use a reflexive pronoun either alone or in addition to a definite article with a part of the body. Me quemé. (I burned myself.) Me quemé la mano. (I burned my hand.) The definite articles in Spanish are el, la, los, and las. They usually mean “the”. The Spanish reflexive pronouns are: Me Nos Te Os Se Se Todo junto… We often use reflexive pronouns (and verbs) with direct objects when we talk about injuries. In cases like this, the direct object is a part of the body or something that you put on. El cocinero se cortó el dedo y se puso una curita. The cook cut his finger and put on a bandage. Why do we use “se” in the sentence? What are the actions in the sentence? What receives those actions? What do we call those? Todo junto… All pronouns (reflexive, direct object, and indirect object) follow these rules: They go before a conjugated verb Se cortó el dedo They are attached to an infinitive or present participle (gerund) Necesito una curita. Ella va a darmela / Ella está dándomela. They go before the verb in a negative command ¡No te rompas tu brazo! (informal) / ¡No se rompa su brazo! (formal) They are attached to the verb in an affirmative command ¡Lávate las manos! (informal) / ¡Lávese las manos! (formal) ¡Tarea! In addition to the (tiny) worksheet you have for homework tonight, you will also be creating a sentence diagram for the Trabajo Excelente wall. This means you will write a Spanish sentence with its English translation and label all of the parts. For example: El peluquero le cortó el pelo a la señora. Subject (does the action) Action Direct object (receives the action) Indirect object pronoun and indirect object (benefit from the action)