Transcript Week 11 Quiz Sentence #2

Week 11 Quiz
Sentence #2
The sentence.
λαλοῦμεν εἰδότες ὅτι ὁ ἐγείρας
τὸν κύριον Ἰησοῦν καὶ ἡμᾶς σὺν
Ἰησοῦ ἐγερεῖ καὶ παραστήσει σὺν
ὑμῖν.
The sentence divided into elements.
Sense Unit
Why divide here?
λαλοῦμεν
indicative verb
εἰδότες
circumstantial participle
ὅτι ὁ ἐγείρας
τὸν κύριον Ἰησοῦν
ὅτι clause begins new sense
unit
καὶ ἡμᾶς
σὺν Ἰησοῦ
καὶ may begin new sense
unit; prepositional phrase
ἐγερεῖ
indicative verb
καὶ παραστήσει
σὺν ὑμῖν.
καὶ may begin new sense
unit; prepositional phrase
λαλοῦμεν
 What is it from?
 Dictionary form is λαλέω.
 What is its form?
 1st person, present, active, indicative.
 What does it mean?
 “We are speaking.”
The sentence divided into elements.
Sense Unit
λαλοῦμεν
εἰδότες
ὅτι ὁ ἐγείρας
τὸν κύριον Ἰησοῦν
καὶ ἡμᾶς
σὺν Ἰησοῦ
ἐγερεῖ
καὶ παραστήσει
σὺν ὑμῖν.
English Translation
We are speaking
εἰδότες
 See Mounce, section 30.18.
 perfect active participle, masculine plural nominative.
 adverbial participle with a causal sense =
 “since we know” or “because we know”
The sentence divided into elements.
Sense Unit
λαλοῦμεν
εἰδότες
ὅτι ὁ ἐγείρας
τὸν κύριον Ἰησοῦν
καὶ ἡμᾶς
σὺν Ἰησοῦ
ἐγερεῖ
καὶ παραστήσει
σὺν ὑμῖν.
English Translation
We are speaking
since we know
ὅτι ὁ ἐγείρας
τὸν κύριον Ἰησοῦν
 τὸν κύριον Ἰησοῦν cannot be the subject of anything here. It
is in the accusative case.
 ὁ ἐγείρας is a substantive (or substantival) participle: “the
one who raised.” Mounce, 29.8.
 ἐγείρας = aorist active participle, masculine, nominative,
singular. Mounce, 28.7. It’s liquid, so the σ of the σα tense
code drops out.
 ὅτι just means “that” in this context.
 The unit means: “that the one who raised the Lord Jesus”
The sentence divided into elements.
Sense Unit
λαλοῦμεν
εἰδότες
ὅτι ὁ ἐγείρας
τὸν κύριον Ἰησοῦν
καὶ ἡμᾶς
σὺν Ἰησοῦ
ἐγερεῖ
καὶ παραστήσει
σὺν ὑμῖν.
English Translation
We are speaking
since we know
that the one who raised
the Lord Jesus
καὶ ἡμᾶς
σὺν Ἰησοῦ
 ἡμᾶς is accusative. It is not the subject of anything here.
 σὺν Ἰησοῦ is “with Jesus.”
 καὶ can be various things in various contexts. It might be
“and” or “also”.
 Provisional translation: “and us with Jesus.”
The sentence divided into elements.
Sense Unit
λαλοῦμεν
εἰδότες
ὅτι ὁ ἐγείρας
τὸν κύριον Ἰησοῦν
καὶ ἡμᾶς
σὺν Ἰησοῦ
ἐγερεῖ
καὶ παραστήσει
σὺν ὑμῖν.
English Translation
We are speaking
since we know
that the one who raised
the Lord Jesus
and us
with Jesus
ἐγερεῖ
 Dictionary form =
 ἐγείρω.
 Do you have a stem change?
 Yes. So it’s not present or imperfect.
 Do you have an augment?
 No. So it’s not aorist.
 Do you have reduplication?
 No. so it’s not perfect.
 Do you have a tense code?
 No, but it’s a liquid, so the σ future tense code probably dropped out,
and look, the circumflex accent does look like a liquid future. 20.12.
 “He will raise”
The sentence divided into elements.
Sense Unit
λαλοῦμεν
εἰδότες
ὅτι ὁ ἐγείρας
τὸν κύριον Ἰησοῦν
καὶ ἡμᾶς
σὺν Ἰησοῦ
ἐγερεῖ
καὶ παραστήσει
σὺν ὑμῖν.
English Translation
We are speaking
since we know
that the one who raised
the Lord Jesus
and us
with Jesus
he will raise
καὶ παραστήσει
σὺν ὑμῖν
 Given on the quiz: παραστήσει is from παρίστημι.
Translation: “he/she/it will present”
 Connected to the prior sense unit, also containing a
third person singular future, this likely means, “He will
present.”
 Whom will he present? The direct object, ἡμᾶς, is the
direct object of both verbs: “He will raise us and he will
present us”
 σὺν ὑμῖν = “with you (plural).”
The sentence divided into elements.
Sense Unit
λαλοῦμεν
εἰδότες
ὅτι ὁ ἐγείρας
τὸν κύριον Ἰησοῦν
καὶ ἡμᾶς
σὺν Ἰησοῦ
ἐγερεῖ
καὶ παραστήσει
σὺν ὑμῖν.
English Translation
We are speaking
since we know
that the one who raised
the Lord Jesus
and us
with Jesus
he will raise
and present us
with you.
Fine-Tuning the Translation
 So far we have:
 We are speaking since we know that the one who raised the
Lord Jesus will raise and us and present us with you.
 What if we try “also” or “too” rather than “and” for the
καί?
 We are speaking since we know that the one who raised the
Lord Jesus will raise us too and will present us with you.
 See the quotation in context at 2 Cor. 4:13-15.
Problems on the Quiz
 Trying to translate using Greek word order rather than
Greek cases and participle grammar as their guide.
 Ignoring the accusative case, trying to make accusative
case words into subjects of clauses.
 Stumbling over what to do with the participles, εἰδότες
(adverbial/circumstantial) and ὁ ἐγείρας (substantival).
 Trying to make the ὅτι something besides “because.”
 Not trying alternatives for “and” as a translation for καὶ.
Tips Going Forward
 Pay attention to cases. The only time accusative case
can be the subject of a clause is when the clause’s verb
is an infinitive.
 Split the sentence into sense units. Do not try to
translate word-for-word, but unit by unit.
 Notice parallel structure, like the two future tense
verbs in this sentence that require you to repeat the
direct object ἡμάς in your translation.
 Know that the little words are the most versatile in any
language. Don’t get too tied to your initial translation of
them.