Transcript 1. I like blue, pink clothing.

Living rooms
will
usually
have a
television.
Ted is Living with Ann.
He likes living , and
also earns his living
by making an
honest living .
He likes bread , and also
earns his bread
by making an
honest bread .
GERUNDS vs.
PRESENT
PARTICPLES
SAME WORDS,
DIFFERENT
FUNCTIONS
-ING Verbs
Tutor + ing
Tutoring
PRESENT
PARTICIPLES
GERUNDS
After-school tutoring, the
tutoring of a child
Progressive
Tense Verbs
He was tutoring on
the side for money.
Adjectives
Tutoring classes,
tutoring
professionals,
tutoring software
I. TO SEPARATE THE ELEMENTS IN
A SERIES
II. To Connect Two Independent Clauses Using The
“Little Conjunctions”
III. To Set Off Introductory Elements
Adverbial Phrases
Infinitive Phrases
Prepositional Phrases
IV. TO AVOID CONFUSION
Inside the gym was brightly lighted and clean.
Inside, the gym was brightly lighted and
clean.
Outside the lawn was cluttered with hundreds of
broken branches.
Outside, the lawn was cluttered with
hundreds of broken branches.
V. TO SET OFF QUOTED ELEMENTS
Remember, As A General Rule, Punctuation
Goes Inside Of Quotation Marks
VI. To Set Off Phrases That Express Contrast
He liked ice cream, but not rhubarb
pie.
Some say the world will end in
fire, not ice.
Kim says we should embrace
wildlife diversity, rather
than endanger it.
VII. TYPOGRAPHICAL REASONS
Between City and State (and after if sentence continues)
Date and Year (and after if sentence continues)
Name and Suffix
Long Numbers
VIII. TO SET OFF
PARENTHETICAL ELEMENTS
Interrupters, Nonessential Clauses, Appositives
Dash phrases and Parenthetical phrases too!
OSASCOMP
I X . TO SE PA R ATE
CO O R D I N ATE A DJ E C T I VE S
INCORRECT:
1. I like blue pink clothing..
2. I have a gray and compact car.
CORRECT:
1. I like blue, pink clothing. <OR> I like blue and
pink clothing.
2. I have a gray compact car
STUDY
GUIDE
Verb Tenses
Mood & Tone
Appositives
MLA
Irony
Quotation Marks, Parentheses, Brackets, Dashes and Hyphens
Verbals (Gerunds,
Participles and
Metaphors + Allegory
Inf initives)
Repetition
Allusion
Parallelism
Commas
Parts of Speech
Answers to Comma Worksheet
I. The scrimping cyclist salvages unicycles, bicycles, and tricycles.
RULE I
II. The scarlet tanager, a medium-sized American songbird, eats mainly insects, but sometimes berries.
RULE VI, VIII
III. The Battle of Hastings was fought on Oct. 16, 1066, between the Norman-French army and the English.
RULE VII
IV. The Colonel drives a pink [comma removed] vintage Cadillac selling juicy, delicious chicken out of it.
RULE IX
V. “War does not determine who is right, ” says Bertrand Russell, “only who is left.”
RULE V
VI. To truly appreciate the work of Beethoven, students ought to know that he was one of the first to treat
his work as art, not his art as work.
RULE III, VI