Transcript Second person

LA GRAMÁTICA
Why study grammar?
• You have a highly-developed, complex
grammar.
• You will learn a second language (L2) more
quickly by understanding grammatical terms
and applying them to your language learning
than by immersion (where grammar is not
specifically taught, much like when a child
first learns language…correction, feedback,
modeling, etc. )
• Knowing the terms will help in this class and
others (English 111)
Subject pronouns
• A subject pronoun replaces the name/title of a person
or thing
• It acts as the subject of a verb (the verb is
changed/conjugated for the subject)
• This subject-verb relationship is extremely important
otherwise the sentence will not make sense
– I goes to the store
(although we can comprehend the
sentence, it does not sound right because the subject and verb
do not agree)
Person
• First person
– yo, nosotros/nosotras
• Second person
– tú, usted; vosotros/vosotras; ustedes
• Third person
– él, ella; ellos/ellas
Second person singular
In Spanish, there are two subject pronouns
for the second person (you).
• Tú is familiar, where you know a person
well (family member, friend, or younger
person)
• Usted (Ud.) is formal. It is used to
address a distance, someone you don’t
really know, a supervisor, older person…
Second & third person, plural
• In Latin America, you all is expressed using
Ustedes (Uds).
• In Spain, it is expressed using vosotros or
vosotras
• We is expressed using nosotros or nosotras in
both hemispheres
• There is no Spanish equivalent of the neuter
it. Generally, it is not expressed in Spanish
– Es una bebida
– Es un zapato feo
LOS VERBOS Y LA
CONJUGACIÓN
Verbs
• The verb in its unconjugated form is
called the infinitive. In English, the
preposition to is added to the infinitive.
– To be, to walk, to run, to ride, to do homework, to
read, to joke, to hide, to study….
• Just like in English, Spanish verbs must be
conjugated to agree with its subject.
The verb SER
• SER (to be) is actually an irregular verbit does not follow regular patterns that
most verbs follow.
• SER is used to identify people and things,
expresses possession and to talk about
where a person is from
The forms of SER
Plural
forms
Singular forms
SER
SBJ Pronoun
Conjugation
Translation
Yo
Soy
Eres
Es
I am
You (familiar) are
Nosotros/as
Somos
We are
Vosotros/as
Sois
son
You all are (Spain)
Tú
Ud, él, ella
Uds, ellos,
ellas
You (formal), he,
she is
You all are
(formal,Lat.Amer.),
they are