Transcript Unit 1 Latin Review

Unit 1 Latin Review
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This review serves as a precursor to our
introduction to Unit 2 (Blue Book).
We will cover Nouns, Verbs (Past and
Present), Word Order, and Longer
Sentences with “postquam” and “quod”
Nouns
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Words like puella, servus, mercator, and leo,
indicate people, places or things are nouns.
Nouns change their endings according to their
function in the sentence. These are know as:
Nominative (Subjects)
Accusative (Object of the Verb)
Dative (Indirect Object of the Verb)
These different forms of the same noun are
cases.
They belong to families called declensions
Singular
1st
Declension
2nd
Declension
3rd Declension
Nominative
puella
servus
mercator
leo
Dative
puellae
servo
mercatori
leoni
Accusative
puellam
servum
mercatorem
leonem
Plural
1st
Declension
2nd
Declension
3rd Declension
Nominative
puellae
servi
mercatores
leones
Dative
puellis
servis
mercatoribus
leonibus
Accusative
Puellas
servos
mercatores
leones
Nominative Case
(who/what is doing the action)
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mercator cantabat.
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servi laborabant.
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The merchant was
singing.
The slaves were
working.
Nom Case
(also used to complete the verb est)
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Metella est mater.
Grumio et Clemens
sunt servi.
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Metella is the
mother.
Grumio and
Clemens are slaves.
Dative Case
(Indirect object of the verb. Use the
prepositions to or for.
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senex mercatori
picturam ostendit.
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The old man showed
the painting to the
merchant.
or
The old man showed
the merchant the
painting.
Dative Case cont.
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liberti puellis vinum
ferebant.
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The freedmen
brought wine for the
girls.
Dative Case cont.
Some Latin verbs are always completed by a
noun in the Dative case
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cives mercatori
credunt.
pistores Afro favent.
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The citizens trust the
merchant.
The bakers support
Afer.
Accusative Case
(whoever/whatever receives the action
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Grumio puellam
salutavit.
Caecilius servos
vituperavit.
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Grumio greeted the
girl.
Caecilius cursed the
slaves.
Practice #1
For each sentence, translate the first
sentence and then change the word in
bold to the plural form of the noun.
For example:
 canis in via latravit.
The dog barked in the street.
 canes in via latraverunt.
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The dogs barked in the street.
Nominative Practice #1
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servus dominum timebat.
libertus in lecto recubuit.
poeta versum recitabat.
hospes villam intravit.
Sorex erat actor.(hint: add another
proper noun)
Nom practice cont.
Now do the same thing for the following
sentences, only this time go from plural
to singular.
For example:
 matres libros quaerebant.
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Mothers were searching for their children
 mater liberos quaerabat.
The mother was searching for her childern.
Nominative Practice #2
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agricolae in via clamabant.
fures pecuniam postulaverunt
filii epistulam legebant.
feminae fabulam laudaverunt.
liberti erant cives.
Accusative/Dative Practice
Translate each sentence, then change the
boldface from singular to plural.
For example:
 pueri servum viderunt.
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The boys saw the slave.
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pueri servos viderunt.
The boys saw the slaves.
Accusative/Dative Practice #1
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pueri leonem viderunt.
dominus puellam audivit.
centurio amicum salutavit.
agricolae gladiatorem laudaverunt.
cives servo pecuniam tradiderunt.
coquus mercatori cenam paravit.
mater filio non credidit.
ancillae feminae responderunt.
Accusative/Dative Practice #2
Now do the same thing only this time go from
plural to singular.
For Example:
 venalicii mercatoribus pecuniam dederunt.
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The slave-dealers gave money to the
merchants.
 venalicii mercatori pecuniam dederunt.
The slave-dealers gave money to the merchant.
Accusative/Dative Practice #2
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dominus servos inspexit.
athletae mercatores vituperaverunt.
venalicius ancillas vendebat.
senex actores spectabat.
gladiatores leonibus cibum dederunt.
iuvenes puellis statuam ostenderunt.
cives actoribus faverunt.
puer amicis non respondit.