Transcript direct object - Moore Public Schools

Chapter 22
What is an object?
nouns or pronouns that
receive the action of
verbs
What is a direct object?
a noun or pronoun that receives
the action of the verb directly,
without a preposition
it answers the one-word question
what? or whom?
The god loves the nymph.
The god loves whom?
answer: the nymph
The nymph is the direct object
The girl sees the bull.
The girl sees what?
answer: the bull
The bull is the direct object
Never assume that a word is the
direct object. Always ask the oneword question.
The girls work well.
The girls work whom?
The girls work what?
What is an indirect object?
a noun or pronoun that receives
the action of the verb indirectly,
through the preposition to or for
it answers the two-word questions
to whom? or for whom?
to what? or for what?
The boy gives a present to his mother.
They boy gives his mother a present.
The boy gives a present to whom?
answer: to this mother
his mother is the indirect object
The farmer did a favor for me.
The farmer did me a favor.
The farmer did a favor for whom?
answer: for me
me is the indirect object
Indirect objects are used with
giving
verbs of ____________,
______________
and
showing
______________.
telling
Activity 1: Underline all indirect objects and circle direct objects
1. I sent Mark and Rachel a card for their anniversary.
I sent a card to Mark and Rachel for their
anniversary.
2. At Thanksgiving, I gave a basket of fruit and some
flowers to my aunt.
3. Please lend Allison your sheet music for that chorus.
Please lend your sheet music to Allison for that
chorus.
4. Peter assigned me the role of secretary.
Peter assigned the role of secretary to me.
5. My veterinarian gave a fuzzy new toy to my cat.
6. Clarence built a tree house for his older sister’s
children in the backyard.
7. Worrying about his college entrance exam gave Alex
headaches.
Worrying about his college entrance exam gave
headaches to Alex.
8. The chef ordered everyone bread, cheese and fruit
after dinner.
The chef ordered bread, cheese and fruit for
everyone after dinner.
9. I picked my mom a bouquet of flowers for her
birthday.
10. Derrick offered tickets to three of us for the
school play.
Dative Case
Look at the following sentences:
Mandata servis dabat.
He was giving orders to the slaves.
Omnia Marco explicavit.
He explained everything to Marcus.
Cornelius fabulam uxori narravit.
Cornelius told the story to his wife.
There are some verbs in Latin that will take its
object in the dative case rather than the
accusative case.
appropinquo, appropinquāre, appropinquavi,
appropinquatus + dat.
Cornelii urbi appropinquabant.
The Cornelii were approaching the city.
Pronouns
singular
plural
nominative
dative
nominative
dative
ego
mihi
nos
nobis
tu
tibi
vos
vobis
is
ei
ei
eis
ea
ei
eae
eis
id
ei
ea
eis
Quis?
Cui?
Qui?
Quibus?
Activity 2: Write the dative singular and plural for each word
dative singular
dative plural
1. viator, viatoris
________________ _______________
2. fabula, fabulae
________________ _______________
3. ager, agri
________________ _______________
4. auxilium, auxilii
________________ _______________
5. lectus, lecti
________________ _______________
6. homo, hominis
________________ _______________
7. hospes, hospitis
________________ _______________
8. iter, itineris
________________ _______________
9. cena, cenae
________________ _______________
Activity 3:
Underline the word or words in the dative case
and translate the sentence.
1.
Patruus pecuniam pueris dat.
2.
Ancilla invita cauponi scelesto cibum tradit.
3.
Omnia patri meo semper dico.
4.
Nihil legato principis dixit.
5.
Cornelius epistulam Tito misit et omnia ei
explicavit.
6.
Marcus, “Tace, Sexte!” inquit. “Nobis non
licet hic clamāre.”
7.
In somnis Aulus amico Septimo apparuit.
8.
Dum Cornelii urbi appropinquabant, Titus
omnia eis parabat.
9.
Apollodorus Corneliis cubicula monstrat.
10.
Servi alium lectum Aureliae paraverunt.
Nouns: Dative or Ablative:
You will have noticed that the dative and ablative cases often have
identical endings, e.g. servo, puellis, militibus. How are you to tell
which case is used in a particular sentence? The Latin will usually
provide clues to help you decide correctly.
1.
2.
Is the noun preceded by a preposition? If it is, the noun
will be in the ablative case because no preposition governs
the dative case.
If there is no preposition, does the noun refer to a person?
If it does, it will normally be in the dative because nouns
referring to persons are usually governed by prepositions if
they are in the ablative. If the noun refers to a thing, it is
more likely to be ablative rather than dative.
Activity 4:
Identify each as dative or ablative and then
translate the entire sentence:
1. Septimus omnia de Aulo mortuo civibus explicavit.
2. Mihi necesse est equis meis cibum dāre.
3. Marcus ramo lupum repellit.
4.
Raedarius habenis equos devertebat.
5.
Nos bonam cenam hospitibus paravimus, domine.
6.
Media nocte Aulus somno amico suo apparuit.