Transcript Case uses - cathyeagle

Case uses
NOMINATIVE
• SUBJECT OF THE SENTENCE
• RENAMES SUBJECT AFTER LINKING
VERB
VOCATIVE
• DIRECT ADDRESS; USED TO CALL
SOMEONE/SOMETHING
GENITIVE
• SHOWS POSSESSION
– MRS. EAGLE’S DOG UNDERESTANDS
LATIN.
– MATRONAE AQUILAE CANIS LATINAM
INTELLEGIT.
GENITIVE
• DESCRIPTION/QUALITY: A NOUN
AND ADJECTIVE DESCRIBING
ANOTHER NOUN
• BRUTUS ERAT DUX MAGNAE
VIRTUTIS.
• BRUTUS WAS A LEADER OF GREAT
COURAGE
GENITIVE
• QUANTITY: WITH CERTAIN
ADJECTIVES TO EXPLAIN WHAT
THERE IS A QUANTITY OF
• MARCUS ANTONIUS BIBIT NIMIUM
VINI.
• MARC ANTONY DRANK TOO MUCH
WINE.
GENITIVE
• USED WITH THE FOLLOWING
ADJECTIVES:AVIDUS,CONSCIUS,
CUPIDUS, EXPERS, MEMOR,
IMMEMOR, NESCIUS, PERITUS,
PLENUS, STUDIOSUS, SIMILIS,
DISSIMLIS
– CATO ERAT EXPERS HUMILITATIS.
– CATO WAS LACKING IN HUMILITY.
GENITIVE
• USED WITH IMPERSONAL VERBS TO
SHOW THE CAUSE OF FEELINGS
– ME TAEDET CALIDAE AESTATE
– I AM TIRED OF THE HOT SUMMER
GENITIVE
• VALUE: TELLS HOW MUCH
SOMETHING IS WORTH
– DOMITIAN PUTAVIT SUUM FRATREM
TITUM NULLIUS MOMENTI
– DOMITIAN THOUGHT HIS BROTHER
TITUS OF NO IMPORTANCE.
GENITIVE
• PARTITIVE: TELLS THE GROUP OF
WHICH A PART IS MENTIONED
• PART OF THE GIRLS WERE
LAUGHING.
• PARS PUELLARUM RIDEBAT.
GENITIVE
• USED WITH SPECIAL VERBS ,
ESPECIALLY OF REMEMBERING OR
FORGETTING
– OBLITA SUM PECUNIAE
– I WAS FORGETFUL OF MONEY
DATIVE
• INDIRECT OBJECT; TO WHOM OR FOR
WHOM SOMETHING IS GIVEN,
SHOWN, OR TOLD
– BRUTUS DEMONSTRAVIT LUCRETIAE
CORPUS POPULIS.
– BRUTUS SHOWED LUCRETIA’S BODY TO
THE PEOPLE
DATIVE
• ADVANTAGE: TO WHOSE
ADVANTAGE/DISADVANTAGE
– CATO SERVAVIT REM PUBLICAM
ROMINIS,
– CATO SAVED THE REBULIC FOR THE
ROMANS.
DATIVE
• SEPARATION: FROM WHOM/WHAT
SOMETHING IS SEPARATED
– LUCRETIA RAPTA EST COLLATINO.
– LUCRATIA WAS SNATCHED FROM
COLLATINUS.
DATIVE
• SOME VERBS WILL USE THIS CASE FOR
THE OBJECT: APPROPINQUO, CONFIDO,
DIFFIDO, CONSULO, CREDO, FAVEO,
GRATULOR, IGNOSCO, IMMINEO,
INDULGEO, INVIDEO, IRASCOR, MEDEOR,
NOCEO, NUBO, OBSTO, OCCURRO,
SUCCURRO, PARCO, PAREO, PERSUADEO,
PLACEO, DISPLICEO, PRAECIPIO, RESISTO,
SERVIO, STUDEO, SUBVENIO
DATIVE
• COMPOUNDS OF SUM EXCEPT
POSSUM, ABSUM, INSUM ARE
FOLLOWED BY THE DATIVE:adsum,
desum,intersum,praesum,prosum, supersum
• SOME COMPOUND VERBS BOTH
TRANSITIVE AND INTRANSITIVE
ALSO TAKE THE DATIVE
DATIVE
• TO SHOW POSSESSION WITH A FORM
OF SUM
– ERAT CORIOLANI BELLUM.
– THERE WAS A WAR FOR CORILANUS.
DATIVE
• SHOWS THE PERSON/THING
OBLIGATED TO PERFORM THE
PASSIVE PERIPHRASTIC
– CARTHAGO DELENDA EST ROMANIS.
– CARTHAGE MUST BE DESTROYED BY
THE ROMANS.
DATIVE
USED TO SHOW PURPOSE FOR WHICH
SOMETHING IS DONE OR EXISTS
CAESAR LEGIT OCTAVIANUM
HEREDI.
CAESAR CHOOSES OCTAVIUS FOR
HIS HEIR.
ACCUSATIVE
• DURATION: TELLS HOW LONG
SOMETHING LASTS
– CELEBRAVIMUS TOTUM MENSEM.
– We celebrated the whole month.
ACCUSATIVE
• PLACE TO: SHOWS MOTION
TOWARD
– NAVIGAMUS AD SICILIAM
– WE ARE SAILING TO SICILY
ACCUSATIVE
• EXTENT: TELLS HOW FAR
SOMETHING GOES
– THE WALL EXTENDED FOR THREE
MILES.
– MURUS TENDIT TRES MILIA PASSUUM.
ACCUSATIVE
• PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES: MOST LATIN
PREPOSITIONS USE THE ACCUSATIVE FOR
THEIR OBJECTS
– ANTE, APUD, AD, ADVERSUS, CIRCUM,CIRCA,
CITRA, CIS, CONTRA, INTER, ERGA, EXTRA,
INFRA, INTRA, IUXTA, OB,PENES, PONE, POST,
PRAETER, PROPE, PROPTER, PER, SECUNDUM,
SUPRA, VERSUS, TRANS,ULTRA, SUPER, *IN,
*SUB, *SUBTER
• *MUST HAVE IDEA OF MOTION TOWARDS
ACCUSATIVE
• SUBJECT OF INDIRECT STATEMENT
– CATO PUTAVIT CARTHAGINEM DEBERE
DELERI.
– CATO THOUGHT HTAT CARTHAGE
OUGHT TO BE DESTROYED.
ACCUSATIVE
• DIRECT OBJECT; RECEIVES THE
VERB FOR MOST VERBS
– CATO VIDET CARTHAGINEM.
– CATO SEES CARTHAGE
ACCUSATIVE
• EXCLAMATION
– ME MISERUM!
– POOR ME!
ABLATIVE
• TIME: SHOWS WHEN SOMETHING
HAPPENS; NO PREPOSITION
– AT THE NINTH HOUR, CATO WENT TO
HIS FRIEND’S HOUSE,
– NONA HORA CATON AD SUI AMICI
VILLAM VENIT.
ABLATIVE
• DEGREE OF DIFFERENCE: USUALLY
USED WITH COMPARISON TO SHOW
HOW MUCH THE DIFFFERENCE
BETWEEN THE TWO COMPARED
ITEMS IS
– CINNCINNATUS ERAT MULTO FIDELIOR
SULLA.
– CINNCINNATUS WAS MUCH MORE
LOYAL THAN SULLA.
ABLATIVE
• COMPARISON: WHEN COMPARING
TWO THINGS, THE SECOND CAN BE
PUT IN THE ABLATIVE WITHOUT A
PREPOSITION
– CINNCINNATUS ERAT FIDELIOR
PATRIAE SULLA.
– CINNCINNATUS WAS MORE FAITHFUL
TO HIS COUNTRY THAN SULLA.
ABLATIVE
• THE FOLLOWING PREPOSITIONS USE
THE ABLATIVE FOR THEIR OBECTS:
– A, AB, E, EX, DE, CUM, PRAE, PRO,
SINE,*IN, *SUB
– *USE ABLATI VE FOR LOCATION
ABLATIVE
• GENERALLY ANSWERS THE
QUESTIONS WHERE? WHEN? HOW?
WHY?
ABLATIVE
• PRICE: SHOWS THE PRICE PAID
– CAESAR ‘S FRIENDSHIP WITH BRUTUS
WAS AT A CONSIDERABLE PRICE
– CAESARIS AMICITIA CUM BRUTO ERAT
MAGNO PRETIO
ABLATIVE
• MEANS/INSTRUMENT: SHOWS THE
THING USED TO COMPLETE AN
ACTION; NO PREPOSITION;
SHOULDN’T BE A PERSON
– CAESAR INTERFECTUS EST PUGIONE.
– CAESAR WAS KILLED BY A DAGGER
– (ACTUALLY BY MANY DAGGERS)
ABLATIVE
• PLACE WHERE: SHOWS LOCATION
USING THE PREPOSITIONS IN, SUB
WHICH CAN BE OMITTED WITH CITY
NAMES
– HABITABAMUS IN INSULIS.
– WE USED TO LIVE IN APARTMENTS
ABLATIVE
• PLACE FROM: SHOWS THE
LOCATION BEING LEFT WITH THE
PREPOSITIONS A,AB,E,EX,DE
– MOVIMUS EX INSULIS.
– WE MOVED FROM THE APARTMENTS.
ABLATIVE
• DIRECT OBJECT OF THE FOLLOWING
VERBS: FRUOR(ENJOY, HAVE BENEFIT OF),
FUNGOR,(PERFORM, DISCHARGE)
POTIOR(GAIN POSSESSION OF) , UTOR(
USE), VESCOR ( FEED ON)
• UTA SUM MEIS PECUNIIS DONO.
• I USED MY OWN MONEY FOR THE GIFT.
ABLATIVE
• SHOWS THE SPECIFIC PRICE
– LUCILLA VENDEBATUR CENTUM
DENARIIS.
– LUCILLA WAS BEING SOLD FOR 100
DENARII.
ABLATIVE
• DESCRIPTION: A NOUN AND
ADJECTIVE DESCRIBE ANOTHER
NOUN WITHOUT A PREPOSITION
• CATO ERAT VIR DURIS SENTENTIIS.
• Cato was a man of harsh opinions.
ABLATIVE
• PERSONAL AGENT: SHOWS THE
PERSON WHOM PERFORMS THE
PASSIVE VERB; USE THE
PREPOSITION A/AB
– CAESAR INTERFECTUS EST A BRUTO.
– CAESAR WAS KILLED BY BRUTUS.