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III- He: Imperfect, Imperative, and Infinitive Construct III- He: Imperfect, Imperative, and Infinitive Construct בנה יִבְ נֶה תִ בְ נֶה תִ בְ נֶה תִ בְ נִי אֶ בְ נֶה יִבְ נּו כתבto write he will build 3ms יִכְ ּתׁבhe will write she will build 3fs ִּתכְ ּתׁבshe will write you will build 2ms ִּתכְ ּתׁבyou will write you will build 2fs ִּתכְ ְּת ִביyou will write I will build 1cs אֶ כְ ּתׁבI will write they will build 3mp יִכְ ְּתבּוthey will write ְְ ִּתכְ ּתׁבthey will write 3fp תִ בְ נֶינָהthey will build נָה 2mp תִ בְ נּוyou will build ִּתכְ ְּתבּוyou will write ְְ ִּתכְ ּתׁבyou will write 2fp תִ בְ נֶינָהyou will build נָה In all 1cp forms with ֶה a נsuffix, הdrops off completely. ְ נִבwethewillIII-build נִ כְ ּתׁבwe will write to build In the 3fp and 2fp forms, the second root consonant’s vowel is a seghol-yod. III- He: Imperfect, Imperative, and Infinitive Construct 2ms 2fs 2mp 2fp Imperfect Imperative תִ בְ ֶָנה תִ בְ ִָני תִ בְ נּו תִ בְ ֶָנינה בְ נֵה בְ נִי בְ נּו בְ נֶינה As explained earlier for the imperfect form, the III- הis lost in all forms with a suffix. The rest is pretty much the same. III- He: Imperfect, Imperative, and Infinitive Construct Consider the following III- הverbs and their infinitive construct forms. III- Verb Infinitive Construct בנה ענה ראה בְ נוֹת עֲנוֹת ְראוֹת ה to build to answer to see The III-he is lost in the infinitive construct form. The first root consonant vowel of the infinitive construct is a shewa, and the first root guttural vowel of the infinitive construct is a partial shewa. The infinitive construct form of III-he verbs ends in וֹת. This should not be confused with feminine plural nouns, participles, and adjectives which also end in וֹת. Plural nouns and adjectives: know your vocabulary Participles: holem vowel (oh-ey) III- He: Imperfect, Imperative, and Infinitive Construct Imperfect 3ms 3fs 2ms 2fs 1cs 3mp 3fp 2mp 2fp 1cp Imperative 2ms 2fs 2mp 2fp Inf. Construct יִהְ יֶה תִ הְ יֶה תִ הְ יֶה תִ הְ יִי אֶ הְ יֶה יִהְ יּו תִ הְ יֶינה תִ הְ יּו תִ הְ יֶינה נִהְ יֶה ֱהיֵה ֲהיִי הֲיּו -הֱיוֹת The verb ( היהto be) is the second most frequently used verb in the Hebrew Bible. (3,576 times) The verb (אמרto say) is the most frequently used. (5,316 times) III- He: Imperfect, Imperative, and Infinitive Construct The third person counterpart to the imperative verb form is the jussive, which expresses a command or wish such as “let him send” or “may he send”. The jussive form of strong verbs is usually identical to the third person imperfect verb form. III- הjussives lose the הmater lectionis Most III- הverbs are shortened in the jussive form. in the 3ms and 3fs form. This loss Verb Imperfect Jussive occurs only in the singular form. 3mp and 3fp jussive and imperfect forms are בנה יִבְ נֶהhe will build יִבֶ ןlet him build identical (use context to translate). ׁשבה י ְִׁשבֶָהhe will capture ְָ י ְִׁשבlet him capture The shortened form generally occurs ראה י ְִראֶ הhe will see י ֵֶראlet him see when the verb is in a vav-conversive narrative sequence. עׂשה ַיעֲׂשֶָהhe will do יַעַ ׂשlet him do Verb בכה ּפנה ראה עׂשה Imperfect תִ בְ ֶָכה תִ פְ ֶָנה תִ ְראֶָה תַ עֲׂשֶָה Jussive she will weep she will turn she will see she will do ְָתֵ בְ ך תֵ פֶ ן תֵ ֶרא תֵ עַ ׂש let her weep let her capture let her see let her do Notice the changed vowels in the shortened jussive. Lambdin pg. 144 has a longer list of these irregularly vowelled examples.