Transcript Tech Guide B

Introduction to Business
Information Systems
by
Mark Huber, Craig Piercy, Patrick McKeown and James
Norrie
Tech Guide B:
The Details of Software
Review of Software
 _____________ includes all of the
instructions given to the computer’s hardware
 There are two major categories of software:


_____________ systems software
_____________ software.
 All software has to be created by human
programmers using a variety of
_____________________ which the
computer can implement.
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Operating System
 Operating system software manages the many
tasks going on ___________________ a computer.
 The operating system:
 manages all of the _____________ that flows
from the user to the application software to the
computer
 handles the ______________ of resources and
the _______________ of tasks to various
software programs
 enables the user to carry out needed tasks with
__________________ software without worrying
about the hardware interfaces.
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Using Files
 Operating systems manage the storage and
use of programs, data, and information on
secondary storage
 Files are _____________ , data, or
information to which the user or software
assigns a name.
 Filenames: name.extension

MyPaper.doc; Budget.xls; My contacts.mdb
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OS Responsibilities
The functions of the operating system are:
1. _________________________
2. _________________________
3. _________________________
4. _________________________
5. _________________________
6. _________________________
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Managing Hardware
 The operating system acts as a go-between for
the user, software and the hardware system.
 _____________ includes:
 _____________: operations like accepting
data from keyboard
 _____________: sending information to the
monitor screen and to a printer
 _____________ of data, instructions, and
information between the CPU chip and internal
memory and secondary storage
 _____________: hardware of multiple users
 _____________: controls the communications
between devices on the network.
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Controlling Access
 A _____________ or network operating system
must provide security to everyone's data,
information, and programs against
__________________ intrusion.
 __________________ exist that require the user
to enter a password to use a PC.
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Providing an Interface
 The OS provides an interface to
______________ the commands from the
user and send them to the CPU.
 _______________: requires the use of text
commands at a prompt. Mainframe and
server OS like Unix may still require
command driven interface.
 _______________: uses graphic elements on
a screen and a pointing device to allow the
user to interact with the computer.
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Efficient Use of CPU
 A key task of the operating system is to insure
that the slow ______________ does not hold
up the CPU.
 _____________: handles multiple programs
or tasks at the same time. The jobs are
placed in a queue (waiting line) to be
executed according to their level of priority.
 PC network OS usually shift the processing
burden from the _______________________
to local PCs.
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Providing Services to Application Software
 Operating systems provide a number of
services to application software including:




____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
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Application Software
 Application software is designed to help us
accomplish work and tasks on the computer.
 Application software for business comes in
two primary forms:


___________________________________:
ready to install and use without further
modification on the part of the user.
_____________ _______: software which is
developed by a company specifically for its
own use.
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Popular Types of COTS Software
 _________________________
 _________________________
 _________________________
 _________________________
 _________________________
 _________________________
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Specialized Software
 Software that has been developed to handle
___________________________, be they
financial, mathematical, engineering, or any
number of other areas.
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Developing Customized Software
 Companies usually buy commercially
developed software for ____________
business tasks.
 However, to achieve a competitive
advantage, a company must often
_____________________ software
 The process of creating a computer program
is called ____________________, which
uses one of a variety of computer languages
to communicate with the computer.
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Commonly Used Languages
Language
Common Use
Writing a wide variety of applications for PCs or network
servers.
Writing software for all types of computers; also, for writing
browser and server-side Web software.
Writing Web-based applications.
Writing queries to relational database management systems.
Writing software for PCs; also, for writing browser and
server-side Web software (Microsoft’s competition of Java).
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Open-Source Software
 Open-source software: software for which the
________________________ is freely available
to any one who wishes to download it over the
Internet.
 The only requirement is that any change a
programmer makes to the
____________________________ must also be
made freely available to other persons.
 ____________________________: any
software that requires a licence that must
purchased by a company and the source code is
not available to anyone outside of the company.
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Copyright
Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Reproduction or translation of this work beyond that permitted by
Access Copyright (The Canadian Copyright Licensing Agency) is
unlawful. Requests for further information should be addressed to the
Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. The
purchaser may make back-up copies for his or her own use only and
not for distribution or resale. The author and the publisher assume no
responsibility for errors, omissions, or damages caused by the use of
these programs or from the use of the information contained herein.
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