Transcript network - Westmoreland Central School

Section 1.1
• Identify hardware
• Describe processing components
• Compare and contrast input and output devices
• Compare and contrast storage devices
Section 1.2
• Identify and describe operating system software
• Identify and describe application software
• Summarize cross-platform issues
Section 1.3
• Identify types of networks
• Examine types of network connections
• Identify network hardware and software
Section 1.4
• Use a template
• Save a Web site
• Apply a theme
• Format text
• Insert a graphic
Computer Hardware
1.1
Guide
4 elements of Computer
Systems are:
• Users
• ___________
• ___________
• Data
4 basic categories of
computer HARDWARE:
• Processing
components
• ___________
• ___________
• Storage
Key Terms
• hardware
• software
• central processing unit
(CPU)
• random-access
memory (RAM)
• keyboard
• mouse
• monitor
• printer
1.1
Computer Hardware
Computers and the Computer System
A computer system
consists of four
ELEMENTS:
___________ is the physical
components of the
computer.
• A user
• Hardware
• Software
• Data
____________ is the set of
instructions that tells the
computer what to do.
1.1
Computer Hardware
Input Devices
Different kinds of devices
allow you to enter _____,
commands, _____, or
audio into your computer.
• Keyboards and Pointing
Devices (like a mouse)
• Graphic and Video Devices
•Scanner / digital
camera
• Audio Devices
• ________
_________ is an input
device that lets you enter
text into the computer.
_______ is the most
common pointing device
used to enter commands
into the computer.
1.1
Computer Hardware
Output Devices
Output devices let users
examine the _______ of
_________ data.
• Monitors
 CRT
 LCD
• Printers
• Speakers
monitor The part of the
computer that shows the
output in a quick, viewable
form; also known as a
display screen.
printer A hardware device
that produces hard copy,
or output that is
___________.
1.1
Computer Hardware
Storage Devices
There are several different types of ___________ devices
available.
• Hard Drives
• Removable Storage Devices
 External Hard Drives
 Zip Disks
 Optical Disks
 Flash Memory
 Tape Backups
1.2
Storage…
1GB then and now!
What will it look like in another 20 years???
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Computer memory: Computer memory is measured in unit
sizes based on binary numbers since everything in the computer
is represented by a switch which has only two states; On = 1 or
Off = 0
Computer
memory:
Computer
memory
is measured
in
bit = one switch
which
is either
on or off
(a one
or a zero)
_____
sizes based
on binaryrequired
numbers _____
_____.
byte = 8 bits
(amount
of memory
to holdand
just
one
character)
KB = kilobyte
(K) switch
approx.
1,000
bytes,
exactly
1,024
bit = one
which
is either
on or
off (a one
or abytes
zero) (210)
MB = megabyte
approx.
1,000,000
bytes,
exactly
byte = 8 (meg)
bits (amount
of memory
required
to hold
just one
1,048,576 bytes (220)
____________)
GB = gigabyte
(gig)
approx.
KB = ___________ 1,000,000,000
(K) approx. 1,000bytes-1,073,741,824
bytes, exactly
bytes (230)
1,024 bytes
TB = terabyte approx. 1,000,000,000,000
bytes
MBis=approx.
___________
approx. 1,000,000 bytes,
A petabyte is
1000 (meg)
terabytes
exactly
1,048,576 bytes
A exabyte is approx. 1000
petabytes
GB = ____________ (gig) approx. 1,000,000,000 bytes1,073,741,824 bytes
TB = ___________ approx. 1,000,000,000,000 bytes
A petabyte is is approx. 1000 terabytes
A exabyte is approx. 1000 petabytes
1.2
COMPUTER SOFTWARE
Guide
Main Ideas
Key Terms
__________ system (OS)
software allows users to
give instructions to the
computer and to _______
applications.
________ input/output
system (BIOS)
operating system (OS)
graphical user interface
(GUI)
application software
multitasking
_____________ are
software packages that
help users perform
specific tasks.
1.2
Computer Software
Operating System Software
The basic input/output
system (BIOS) activates
the operating system.
basic input/output system
(BIOS) Small program that
performs basic startup
activities, such as activating the
computer’s operating system.
The OS is divided into
four major categories:
operating system
(OS) Software that specifies
how the computer receives and
processes input; acts as an
___________ between a user
and the computer hardware.
1. Task management
2. Memory management
3. Input and output
management
4. Graphic user interface
graphical user interface
(GUI) Type of interface that
allows users to interact with
software by selecting words,
symbols, or __________ from a
desktop.
1.2
Computer Software
Operating System Software
Here are examples of a Windows and a Mac OS.
1.2
Computer Software
Application Software
Most of the time when you
use a computer, you are
using ______________
software.
Today’s operating
systems are capable of
multitasking. This allows
you to work with _______
_____ _____ application
or document at a time.
application software
Computer programs that
allow users to perform a
specific task on the
computer; also referred to
as applications.
multitasking Working with
more than one application or
document at a time.
1.2
Computer Software
Cross-Platform Issues
Your computer’s hardware, operating system, and
application programs must all work _______ in order for
your computer to function _______.
1.3
NETWORKS
Guide
Main Ideas
Networks allow computers
to ______ information,
messages, and software.
Dial-up, broadband, and
wireless are three types of
_________ connections.
Key Terms
• network
• local area network
(LAN)
• wide area network
(WAN)
• server
• client
• network interface card
(NIC)
• modem
1.3
Networks
Types of Networks
A network can connect
two computers in a home
or millions of computers
around the world, as in
the case of the Internet.
Networks can be divided
into two basic categories:
• local area networks
• wide area networks
network A system in which
communication lines or
wireless connections are
used to _______ computers
together.
local area network
(LAN) Type of network that
connects computers in a
________ location, such as
a single department within a
company.
wide area network
(WAN) Network that
________ computers across
a wide geographical area,
such as a region of the
United States.
1.3
Networks
Types of Connections
• Dial-up Connections
•Broadband Connections
 Cable
 DSL (Digital Subscriber Line)
 ISDN, T1, T3 Lines
• Wireless Connections
1.3
Networks
Network Hardware
For a network to function
properly, all the hardware
components must be
compatible.
• Client/Server Networks
• Network Interface Cards
• Modems
• Routers
server A powerful _______
_________ that manages files
and services for a network.
client In a network, the
___________ computers that
are part of that network.
network interface card
(NIC) Provides the place to ____
the network cable into the
computer, and it creates and
sends the signal from one
network component to another.
modem Hardware device that
________ a computer to send
and receive signals through
telephone wires or cable.
1.3
Networks
Network Hardware
In a client/server network, the server responds to the
__________ of client computers.
1.3
Networks
Network Software
Networks are controlled by a specific group of software
called a _______ __________ system, or NOS.
The NOS is responsible for managing network resources,
____________ who can access different network
components, and keeping the network running smoothly.