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Technology In Action Chapter 1
CS1020 Introduction to
Computers
Why Computers Matter to You:
Becoming Computer Literate
Technology In Action Chapter 1
Technology
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Computer fluency
Computers and careers
Future technologies
Societal challenges and computers
Computer functions
Data vs. information
Computer hardware and software
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
What is Computer Fluency?
• To be computer fluent you must:
– Understand a computer’s capabilities and
limitations
– Know how to use a computer
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
Being a Savvy Computer User and
Consumer
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Avoid hackers and viruses
Protect your privacy
Use the Internet wisely
Maintain your computer
Make good purchase decisions
Keep abreast of changes in technology
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
Why Become Computer Literate?
• Benefits of learning about computers
include:
– Being a knowledgeable consumer
– Using current and future technology
– Increasing your career options
– Understanding ethical and legal
implications
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
Preparing for Your Career
• Computer careers in:
– Business
– The Arts
– The Medical Field
– Law Enforcement
– Legal Fields
– Education
– The Sciences
– Gaming
– Homes
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
Computers in
Business, Retail, and Delivery
• Data mining
• Package tracking
• Forecasting models
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
Computers in the Arts
• Create Web sites
• Digitize dance
movements
• Produce computergenerated art
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
Computers in the Medical Field
• Patient simulator
• Da Vinci Surgical System
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
Computers in Law Enforcement
• Computer forensics
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
Computers in the Legal Fields
• Surveillance cameras
• Forensic animation
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
Computers in Education
• Computer technology
in the classroom
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
Computers and the Sciences
• Supercomputers
• Archaeology
– Mummy of Nesperennub
Skull of Nesperennub
scanned in its painted
case
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
Computer Gaming Careers
• Programming
• 3D animation
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
Computers at Home
• Robotics
• Smart appliances
Internetconnected
refrigerator
Robomower
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
Technology of Tomorrow
• Nanoscience
• Biomedical Chip Implants
• Artificial Intelligence
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
Nanoscience
• Molecules and nanostructures
• Nanomachines
Fluid flow inside
Nanomachines
5.4nm
Four-α-helix
protein
scaffold
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
Biomedical Chip Implants
• Technological solutions to
physical problems
• Identity chips
Retinal Implants
VeriChip
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
Artificial Intelligence
• Robots
• Neurons vs Microchips
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
Challenges Facing a Digital Society
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Privacy risks
Personal data collection
Spam
Software piracy
Copyright infringement
Computer use ethics
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
Becoming Computer Fluent
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Data processing
Bits and bytes
Computer hardware
Computer software
Computer platforms
Specialty computers
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
Computers are Data
Processing Devices
• Four major functions:
– Input data
– Process data
– Output information
– Store data and information
DATA IN
INFORMATION
OUT
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
Bits and Bytes: The Language
Computers
• Bit
– Binary digit
– 0 or 1
• Byte
Microchip
Switch
of
OFF
ON
0
1
– Eight bits
– Represent letters,
numbers, and special
characters
=4
0
0
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1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
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=A
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
How Much is a Byte?
NAME
ABBREVIATION
NUMBER OF
BYTES
RELATIVE SIZE
Byte
B
1 byte
Can hold one character of
data.
Kilobyte
KB
1,024 bytes
Can hold 1,024 characters or
about half of a typewritten
page double-spaced.
Megabyte
MB
1,048,576 bytes
A floppy disk holds
approximately 1.4 MB of data,
or approximately 768 pages of
typed text.
Gigabyte
GB
1,073,741,824
bytes
Approximately 786,432 pages
of text. Since 500 sheets of
paper is approximately 2
inches, this represents a stack
of paper 262 feet high.
Terabyte
TB
1,099,511,627,776 This represents a stack of
bytes
typewritten pages almost 51
miles high.
Petabyte
PB
1,125,899,906,84
2,624 bytes
The stack of pages is now
52,000 miles high, or about
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
Computer Hardware
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Input devices
System unit
Output devices
Storage devices
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
Input Devices
• Enter data to be processed
– Text
– Images
– Sound
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
System Unit
• Processes data into usable information
System Unit
CPU
Motherboard
Memory Module
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
Output Devices
• Enable us to see or hear the processed
information
Speaker
Monitor
Printer
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
Storage Devices
• Enable us to store data or information to
be accessed again
Hard Disk Drive
Floppy Disk Drive
Flash Drive
CD / DVD Drive
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
Computer Software
• Programs that enable the computer to
perform different tasks
– System software
– Application software
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
Computer Platforms: PCs and
Macs
PC
• CPU – Intel, AMD
• Operating system –
Microsoft Windows
Mac
• CPU – Motorola
• Operating system –
Apple Mac OS
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Technology In Action Chapter 1
Specialty Computers
PDA
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PDA
Server
Mainframe
Supercomputer
Server
Mainframe
Supercomputer
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