Transcript European Middle Ages 500-1400

European Middle Ages
500-1400
European Middle Ages
500-1500
Middle Ages-Intro. Activity

Also known as Medieval Times or the Dark Ages

List 5 things that come to mind.
Consider when and where we are talking about,
what happens during that time, what life was like.
Draw a picture to describe the Middle Ages
(medieval times)
Share with a partner what you listed and your
picture.
Discuss your pictures and your 5 things.




An Age of Transition
Years between 400s and
about 1500
 Time period known as
the Middle Ages, or the
medieval time
period(The Dark Ages)
 End of the classical age
and the beginning of the
modern world.
 Catholic Church
becomes the central
institution of Western
Europe

Middle Ages society is based on
Feudalism
Cause
Fall of
Rome
1. No
Central
Authority
2.Constant
Invasion
3. Smaller
Kingdoms
4. More
Church
authority
Effect
Feudalism
A New Social Order

Feudalism- A social
and political system
in which nobles are
granted the use of
land that legally
belongs to their king,
in exchange for their
loyalty, military
service, and
protection of
peasants
People of the Middles Ages
Social Classes were
usually inherited
 Determined a
person’s prestige and
power
 Very Limited Social
Mobility

Feudalism Assignment
Form work groups of
3
 Chapter 13, section
2, page 294
 Worksheet-Due
Friday
 1-10 plus define the
following terms on
the back of the sheet:
Fief,Vassal, Serfs,
Manoralism

Medieval Times Packet
 Use the packet and section 2
to take notes(summarize) on
the following:
 Nobles, Knights, Peasantslifestyle
 Feudal Justice
 Manorial System
Gather as much information
you will be making a poster on
feudalism and will need as much
information as possible.

Marriage/
Chivalry
Did
you
know?
Where they
live/Lifestyle/Food
Childhood/
Education
Nobles/
Royalty
1 picture
Recreation
Feudal
Justice
Knights
1 picture
Training/
Education
Armor
2Myths/Legends
1picture
Where they live/ Lifestyle/
Food
Marriage/
Family
Childhood/
Education
Feudal
System
Pyramid
Peasants
1 picture
Recreation
Marriage/
Family
Feudal System Pyramid
World’s Collide Writing Assignment
Imagine you were to
meet someone from
the Middle Ages and
have a conversation
with them.
 Write a creative
story about your
encounter
 Noble, Knight or
Peasant





Include the following terms:
fief, vassal or lord, manor,
feudalism
Discuss some of the following
from both time periods:
government, society and
lifestyle, social class,
entertainment, dress, gender
roles, marriage, what life is
like, in general.
30 points, Due Monday
(minimum of 2 pages-front
and back)
Creativity, use of knowledge
of the Middle Ages, use of
terms
The New Rome (Byzantine Empire)
Rome crumbles after invasions by Germanic tribes
Splits into East and West
Constantine planned Constantinople to be the new
Rome in the East
 Constantine’s nephew, Justinian, took over the throne.
 Under Justine, the empire:



◦ Took over both the eastern and western parts.
◦ Recovered North Africa.
◦ Won over nearly all of Italy and parts of Spain.
Justinian Code
Hagia Sophia “Holy Wisdom:” Most splendid church
in the Christian World
 Mysterious Plague


The Rise of the FranksCharlemagne

Why was Clovis an important
figure in Western history?

Who were the Moors? Where
did they come from?

Who is Charles ‘The Hammer’
Martel? What does he do that is
important?

List 3 things that make
Charlemagne the most important
king of the middle ages.

How does Charlemagne spread
Christianity?

Readings
Vikings

Where do the Vikings come from?

List 3 things that make the Vikings a formidable and intimidating enemy.

What does Alfred the Great do?

What becomes of the Vikings?

List 2 ways the Viking invasions change Europe.

What are the terms of the Peace and Truce of God.
The Crusades
The Crusades were a
series European led
‘holy wars’ for the holy
land
 The Crusades happened
between 1096-1291


Forever changed
European and World
History!
Causes-Feared that Constantinople was going to get taken over by the
Muslim Turks, (Byzantine Emperor) Sent out a call for help.
Pope Urban II issued a call for what is known as a “Holy War”
Pope’s calling brought out tremendous outpouring of religious feelings and support
50,000 to 60,000 knights became Crusaders
People of all classes
Over 100,000 on the 1st Crusade
Social Reasons
Religious Reasons
Economic Reasons
Chance to move up
‘God Will’s It’
Opens trade
Gain property-wealth
Heaven and martyrdom
if killed
Wealth of plunder
Militarization of Europe
due Viking invasions
Control of biblical site
Shipbuilding,
Weapons,etc
Travel, adventure, Faith
Church power and
authority
Why Jerusalem and the Holy
Land?
Christianity
Judaism
Islam
Christianity






Birth place of Jesus
Crucifixion and
Resurrection
Site of Jesus teaching
Last Supper
Church of the Holy
Sepulcher
Nazareth: Jesus
hometown
Judaism
Holiest city in
Judaism
 Locations of Holy
Temples
 Thought that this
area was where God
gathered the dust he
used to create the
first man

Islam
Believed that
Muhammad traveled
from Mecca to
Jerusalem and back in
a single night
performing prayers
 Muhammad assented
to heaven

1st Crusades 1096-1099






Crusaders from France, Germany, England, Scotland,
Italy, and Spain gathered outside of Constantinople
People of both genders and from all classes came
together to over take Jerusalem
Unprepared for the geography, climate, or culture of
the Holy Land
By the time they reached Jerusalem they were down to
an army of 12,000 people
After about a month of fighting, the Crusaders finally
captured Jerusalem-Slaughter everyone
Won over a stretch of land about 400 miles from
Edessa in the North and Jerusalem in the South
2nd Crusade 1147-1149
After the 1st crusade the Crusaders were
left vulnerable to Muslim counter attack.
 Turks unite, attack and capture Northern
Holy Land (Edessa)
 Fails to regain lose territory, still control
most of the Holy Land

3rd Crusades 1189-1192







In 1187, Jerusalem had fallen to Muslim leader
Saladin.
Saladin:
Most famous Muslim leader in the 1100’s
Honest and Brave
Goal was to free the earth from anyone who
does not believe in Allah
To recapture Jerusalem from Muslims
Lead by 3 of the most powerful leaders:
◦ Barbarossa- Drown
◦ King Philip II- Fought with Richard
◦ King Richard I-Fought with KP


After many ruthless battles between Richard
Lionheart and Saladin they made a truce
Jerusalem would remain under Muslim control,
but unarmed Christian’s could freely visit the
city’s holy places.
4th Crusade 1202-1261



In 1198, the powerful
Pope Innocent III,
appealed for another
crusade to capture
Jerusalem
Fighting between the
East and West was the
reason why the
crusaders only made it
to Constantinople
Sack the city, led to
eventual downfall
Children’s Crusades 1212





Thousands of Children
set out for the Holy
Land.
Only armed with the
belief that God would
give them Jerusalem.
Many died from the
cold and starvations.
One group turned and
went back.
Some drowned and
others were captured
and sold.
5th-9th Crusades
Became increasingly common and
unsuccessful.
 Muslims maintained control of Jerusalem
and the Holy Land.
 Crusaders spirits dissipated.

Effects of the Crusades
Political
 Economic
 Social
 Catholic Church
 Others

Revival of Towns and Trade
Crusades
creates demand
for new goods
Italy and
France
become key
marketplace
Trade
Banking
system and
investing
Crusades leads to a
growth in towns
Increases
manufacturing
Increased
rights and
freedoms
Towns
Merchant and Craft
Guilds
Creation of
Middle Class
The Black Death-1340s-1350s
Read both handout and answer the
questions
 Watch Video


Extra Credit-In a short essay, discuss the
Black Death of the Middle Ages.(25
points) 5 paragraphs-1 page handwritten
minimum.