Transcript 13.2 Feudalism in Europe

Jakob
Noah
Elizabeth Vanessa
Jorge
Aliza
Sydney L Catalina
Teacher’s Desk
Gabriella
Alexis
Andres 1Desiree Sydney P
Steven
Mariyah Tomas
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1
Hour
DOOR
Jaylen
Jax
Jordan
Estrella
Quintan
Grayson Sydney K
Karina
Armando Natalie
Sean
Anna
Kyle B
Jared
Manuel
Jose
Alan
nd
2
Hour
Lorenzo
Alexis
Shayna
Matt Dominique Jared
Logan
Daniel Alejandro Taylor Anthony C
Kayla
Chris
Kelechi
Dante Jonathan
River
Mei
Adrian
Josslan Michael
Teacher’s Desk
Briseida
Joseph A
DOOR
Sam Anthony O Jackson
Ian
Maleek
Marcel Anthony L
Brooke
Austin
Andrew
Caitlin
A. Castillo
Jessica G
Asiano
Liliana
Gerardo
Eunice
Halle
Kiana
Edgar
Eunice
Jose
Diana Mauricio
Osceola
Jaren
Sarah Alejandra
Aisake A. CristanRoberto
Jessica M
Kassandra
Luis
Daniel
Juliana
Mario
Eduardo Jessica Carolina
Charles
Gianni
3rd
DOOR
Teacher’s Desk
5th
Hour
Teacher’s Desk
Adriana
William
Elmer
JasmineMarco
Isaiha
Lauren
Andrew
Josh
Edward
Odalis Serina
Alexis W Adrian Ivanna
Ty
Rosalia
Destinee
Taylor
Yakia
Nick
Kohl
Juan
Bryan
Hubble
Adi
Andrea
Sonia
Michael
Harrison
Marcos
DOOR
Brian
Kura
Alexis M
6th
Hour
Joshua Ruben
Teacher’s Desk
Janette Antonio Giovany Juedial
Raul
B. Lloyd
Frederico
B.Leach
Ingrid
Claudia
Travys Conrad
Sid
Denise
Diego
Jackie
Haley
Shannon
Alex
Jeremiah
Audrey
Carmen
DOOR
Kyejah
Audrey
Taylor
Nicholas
Ricardo
Cody
Andrew
Moses
Anthony
Richard
Fernando
This and next week…
• Wednesday/Thursday:
▫ Discuss Feudalism
▫ Group Activity
• Friday
▫ Chivalry
• Next Week: AIMS testing (Go to CCA on block days
T-TR)
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Monday: 1-6
Tuesday: 1-3-5
Wednesday: 2-4-6
Thursday: 1-3-5
Friday: 2-4-6
Welcome Back!
• Going over syllabus
• Rules
• Expectations
• Pass back test Friday 
▫ Those who need to take the test- Next Monday or
Tuesday after school in Mr. Martinez’s room
Warm-Up:
• Use this for today, Friday, and Monday
▫ If you lived in a time of CONSTANT threat of
murderers and thieves (like the mob), would you
give up your freedom for protection? Why/Why
not?
▫ Please respond in 3 sentences.
Learning Goals
1. Explore how feudalism helped shape political
& social development in Europe during the
Middle Ages
2. Identify the ways in which the manorial system
influenced economic growth in Europe during
the Middle Ages
Why is this important???
• The rights and duties of a feudal relationships
helped shaped today’s forms of representative
government.
13.2 Feudalism in Europe
Feudalism, a political and
economic system based on
land-holding and protective
alliances, emerges in Europe.
Vikings, Magyars, and Moors…Oh My!
• After the breakup of
Charlemagne’s empire,
invaders attacked Europe
▫ Vikings attacked from the
North
 Viking ships could navigate
upriver and raid inland towns
▫ Magyars swept in from the
east (from present day
Hungary)
▫ Muslims came from the
south
• Vikings
Magyars
• Muslims
Viking Invasions
• From cold northern
Scandinavia
• Most dreaded
attackers
• Worship warlike gods
• Carried raids at fast
speeds- strike, then
set out to sea before
local troops could
arrive
Vikings
• Used swords and heavy
wooden shields
• Built amazing boats
• Boats could carry 300
men, 72 oars, weigh 20
tons and sail in 3ft of
water
• Would use shallow
streams to loot villages
and monasteries
• Were not just warriors,
also were traders, farmers
and explorers
Viking Boats
Leif Ericson
• Most famous Viking
• Most likely reached
North America
around 1000- about
500 years before
Christopher
Columbus
Viking Invasions End
• Around the same time Leif
Ericson reached the
America’s Viking terror faded
• Vikings gradually accepted
Christianity and stopped
raising monasteries
• A warming trend in Europe
made farming easier in
Scandinavia, so many didn’t
adopt the Viking seafaring
way of life
A sketch of a Viking longboat
Magyars Invasion
• Invade from east in
late 800s
• they terrorize
Germany and Italy
• Great on horseback,
nomads
• Didn’t settle
conquered land
• Captured people to sell
as slaves
• Attack isolated villages
and monasteries
• Overrun northern
Italy
Muslim Invasions
• Muslims come from the
south
• Seized Sicily, raided Italy
• Sacked Rome in 846
• Controlled the
Mediterranean Sea and
disrupted trade and were
excellent sailors
• Were vengeful- goal was
to plunder land, since
they failed at conquering
the land in 600 and 700s
Living in Fear
• Invasions of Vikings,
Magyars and Muslims
caused disorder and
suffering
• Europeans lived in
fear and constant
danger
• Central authority
proved powerless
• Many turned to
local leaders with
their own armies
Feudalism: Weak Kings, Strong
Nobles
A New Social Order
• Worst years of invaders
attacks were 850-950.
• During this time, rulers
and warriors made
similar agreements in
many parts of Europe
• The system of governing
and landholding called
feudalism had emerged
in Europe
Feudal System
• Based on mutual
obligations
• A lord (landowner)
granted land called
a fief in exchange for
military protection
and other services
• Person receiving the
fief was a vassal
• So, Charles the
Simple was the lord,
and Rollo would
have been the vassal
Feudal Pyramid
• Power in feudal
system much like a
pyramid, with king
at the top
• Kings served by
nobles who are
served by knights;
peasants at bottom
• Knights—
horsemen—defend
their lord’s land in
exchange for fiefs
Social Hierarchy
It’s a Pyramid Scheme
• At the top is the king (the lord)
• The vassals to the king are wealthy nobles
• Below the wealthy nobles, are knights
▫ A knight would then be a vassal to a wealthy nobleman
▫ The knight would pledge his support to his lord (the
wealthy nobleman)
• At the bottom of the pyramid were the landless
peasants referred to as serfs
• A serf could not legally leave his lord’s estate
• Even though they were bound to the land serfs were
not slaves
Social Classes
• Status determined a
person’s prestige and
power
• People were placed into
3 groups:
1) Those who foughtnobles and knights
2) Those who prayedmen and women of
church
3) Those who workedthe peasants
• Social class was usually
inherited
Serfs
• Majority of people in Europe were peasants
• Most peasants were serfs
• Serfs were people who couldn’t lawfully leave the place where
they were born
• Even though they were bound to the land, they were not slaves
• Lords could not buy or sell them
Feudalism: Life in a Castle
Manor
• The manor was the
lords estate
• The manor system was
the basic economic
arrangement
• Lord provided the serfs
and peasants with
housing, strips of
farmland and
protection from bandits
Map of a Manor
Self Sufficient Manor
• Everything needed for daily life was produced on
the manor:
*crops
*fuel
*cloth
*leather goods
*lumber
• The only outside purchases were salt, iron and a
few unusual objects like millstones- stones used
to grind flour
Feudalism: Relationships
Peasant Life on the Manor
• Since it was considered a privilege to live on the
manor, peasants paid a high price
• Paid a tax on all grain ground on the lord’s mill
• Was considered a crime to avoid paying taxes
• Paid a tax on marriage- weddings could only take
place with the lord’s consent
• All peasant families had to pay a tithe (church tax)
to the village priest (10% of income)
• Serfs and peasants
lived in cottages with
only 1 or 2 rooms
• Would warm their
dirt floor by bringing
pigs inside
• Families would
huddle together on
pile of straw crawling
with insects to stay
warm
Simple Diet
• Peasant diets consisted of:
*vegetables
*coarse brown bread
*grain
*cheese
*soup
• Serfs accepted their way of life, and viewed it as
part of church teachings
• Believed God determined a person’s place in
society
Vocab Activity
• Write the definition of each vocabulary word in
FULL sentences. You can find the definitions in
your book starting on page 303.
• Next, use the word in a full sentence that YOU
created, not taken out of the book or from a
partner.
• Must be done at the end of class
• NO PARTNERS!!!!