Transcript Spread of Islam - Don`t Get WHAPPED

II. The Making of an Arab Empire
A. War, Conquest, and Tolerance
1. From the Iberian Peninsula to the Indus River
- rapid spread
2. Battle of Talas, 751 (defeated Chinese)
3. Economic drive and spreading the faith
4. Dhimmis – people of the book, very tolerant of
5. Jizya – non believers tax
II. The Making of an Arab Empire
B. Divisions and Controversies
1.
2.
3.
First Four Caliphs (632–661) and civil war
- First leaders after death were all friends of prophet
Sunni versus Shia
- Who should rule the Umma?
- Sunni: leader should be a learned community member
- Shia: leader should be a direct descendent of
Muhammad
Umayyad (661–750): Damascus, new capital
II. The Making of an Arab
Empire
4. Abbasid (750–1258): Baghdad, moved capital after
overthrowing Ummayyads
5. Interpreting and practicing Sharia
6. Sufi culture: Mystics
- did not believe it necessary to follow sharia law
- believed through meditation/ritual they could have a
close spiritual contact with the Divine
II. The Making of an Arab
Empire
C. Women and Men in Early Islam
1.
Women in the Quran, Hadith, and Sharia
- Muhammad created rules to protect
women and give some control over their
property and right to divorce
- Believed women who were devout and
had good morals would receive Allah’s
blessing just as men
2. Restrictions for elite women in the golden
age
- Increased restrictions after
Muhammad’s death
- Veiling, sequestering, submission to
men