Transcript Memory - Weebly

Memory
The persistence of learning over
time through the storage and
retrieval of information.
Take out a piece of paper…..
• Name the seven
dwarves…..
Now name them…..
Was it easy or hard?
• It depends on several
things….
• If you like Disney
movies?
• When was the last
time you have seen
the movie?
• Are people around you
being loud pain in the
butts so you cannot
concentrate?
Recall Versus Recognition
Recall
• you must retrieve the
information from your
memory
• fill-in-the blank or essay
tests
Recognition
• you must identify the
target from possible
targets
• multiple-choice tests
The Memory Process
Three step process….
1. Encoding: The processing
of information into the
memory system.
2. Storage: The retention
of encoded material over
time.
3. Retrieval: The process of
getting the information
out of memory storage.
Three Box Model of Memory
MEMORY: The input,
storage, and retrieval of what
has been learned or
experienced
Sensory Memory works as a filter. It allows us time to determine what to pay
attention to.
SPOT THE REAL PENNY
Iconic Memory
Iconic memory involves
the memory of visual
stimuli. It is how the brain
remembers an image you
have seen.
For example, look at an object
in the room you are in now,
and then close your eyes and
visualize that object. The
image you "see" in your mind
is your iconic memory of that
visual stimuli.
Echoic Memory
• Echoic memory is when a person
is asked to remember a series of
numbers someone else was
reciting immediately after the
sequence was stopped.
• If the person responds
immediately, then the chances of
he/she remembering all the
numbers is high.
• Normally stored for slightly
longer periods of time than iconic
memories.
Sensory Memory
• A split second
holding tank for ALL
sensory information.
• Sperling’s research
on Iconic Memory
• Echoic Memory
MAINTENANCE vs. ELABORATIVE REHEARSAL
Even though you live in the United States and probably see hundreds of
pennies a week, it is difficult to identify the real one from fake ones. Mere
repetition, such as seeing something over and over again does not guarantee
a strong memory.
Maintenance Rehearsal = repetition
Elaborative Rehearsal = linking new information to material that is already
known
Improves your chances of remembering it!!!!
Short-Term Memory
Short Term Memory
• The stuff we encode
from the sensory goes
to STM.
• Events are encoded
visually, acoustically or
semantically.
• Holds about 7 (plus or
minus 2) items for
about 20 seconds.
• We recall digits
better than letters.
Short Term Memory Activity
Ways to remember things in
STM…so they go to LTM
• Chunking: Organizing
items into familiar,
manageable units.
• Mnemonic devices
• Rehearsal
"Mary Very Easily Makes Jam Saturday Unless
No Plums."
1-4-9-2-1-7-7-6-1-8-1-2-1-9-4-1
Please take a moment to test your
short-term memory.
On the next slide you will find a
list of 15 letters.
Your task: Remember them all.
T WAN BAC BSC PRC IA
How did you do?
Try it again.
TWA NBA CBS CPR CIA
Short-Term or Working Memory Use it or lose it!!!!!
Working with information…..
Chunking = Grouping items to make them easier to remember
Please recall the items in
the next picture.
Draw the picture!
Did that make it
easier to draw?
Short-Term or Working Memory Use it or lose it!!!!!
Working with information…..
Mnemonic Devices = Techniques for using associations to memorize and
retrieve information
Can you think of any other Mnemonic Devices you know?
I will give you a list of four arithmetic tasks
aloud.
They are VERY simple.
When I finish reading the first one… shout out
the answer.
Please do the same for the last three.
Here we go…
What was the second digit mentioned in each arithmetic task?
Why are you having a hard time remembering it??