Transcript Document

UNIT 4
1
Break the Ice
Task I
Listen to Jessica talking about her health. Fill in the blanks and check
the boxes.
153
57
71
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Break the Ice
Audio Transcripts:
University life has been very busy, so I haven’t exercised since I started.
When I weighed myself, I almost cried. I used to weigh 50 kilograms.
Now, I am 57! I’m only 153 centimeters tall, so I need to lose weight. My
waist size has gone from 64 centimeters to 71 centimeters in the last
year. I’m also having trouble in school. I just can’t pay attention because
I’m always tired. I have difficulty sleeping at night. I don’t know what the
problem is. But nothing seems to motivate me. I guess I’m just
depressed. When I went to see the school nurse, she wanted to know
how many portions of fruit and vegetables I have a day. For the past
three months, I’ve only eaten junk food. Luckily, I don’t smoke or drink
alcohol, or my health would be even worse.
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Break the Ice
Task II
Use the words in the box to fill in the blanks.
concentrate on / motivate / pressure / depression /
on average / portion / daily / physical
1. Could you please turn down the TV? I need to
______________
concentrate on my homework.
2. People watch 28 hours of television every week
on average
______________.
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Break the Ice
Task II
Use the words in the box to fill in the blanks.
concentrate on / motivate / pressure / depression /
on average / portion / daily / physical
daily
3. Emma is very fit because she jogs ______________.
motivate
4. A big part of being a teacher is to ______________
students.
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Break the Ice
Task II
Use the words in the box to fill in the blanks.
concentrate on / motivate / pressure / depression /
on average / portion / daily / physical
pressure
5. Teenagers are under a lot of ______________
to
pass exams.
physical
6. I like to play ______________
sports, like boxing and
hockey.
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Break the Ice
Task II
Use the words in the box to fill in the blanks.
concentrate on / motivate / pressure / depression /
on average / portion / daily / physical
7. John was hungry, so he ordered a bigger
portion
______________.
depression
8. Women experience ______________
nearly twice as
often as men.
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Expand Your Vocabulary
A. Class Interview
Look at the quotes below. Who are the people? What do they do?
Michael Jordan: Conditioning and nutrition are important to
participating in athletic events.
Patrick Dempsey: I need to be in shape to be competitive as
a racecar driver.
Aaron Eckhart: Even after a late night, I get up and run at
six a.m. [. . .] It keeps me alert.
Michelle Obama: We can make portion sizes smaller and
emphasize quality over quantity.
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Expand Your Vocabulary
A. Class Interview
Write the names of the famous people and your own tip. Ask a
partner which is most important.
Most
Important
How Do They Stay Healthy?
Michelle Obama
1. ________________
recommends small amounts of food.
Aaron Eckhart
2. Jogging can help wake up ________________.
Michael Jordan
3. ________________
trained and ate right to compete.
Patrick Dempsey
4. ________________
needs to be fit to be good at his job.
(Your own tip)
______________________________
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Expand Your Vocabulary
B. Listen Up
Listen to the audio and read the statements. Check T for true or F for
false.
1. T □
 F □
Her mother says she should eat healthy food.
2. T □ F □

Her mother is a gym teacher.
3. T □
 F □
Her father thinks that working out is important
for staying healthy.
4. T □
 F □
She likes to take part in athletic events.
5. T □ F □
 When eating, she eats big portions.
6. T □ F □
 Eating a lot of food helps to keep her awake
in class.
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Expand Your Vocabulary
Audio Transcripts:
My family worries too much about my health. When I moved out of my
parents’ home, my mom said, “Don’t forget about nutrition when you’re
away at college. Stay away from junk food!” My dad is a PE teacher, and
he always emphasizes exercise. But my parents don’t have to worry
about me staying in shape. First, I am very competitive, especially in
sports. I’ll spend a lot of time playing basketball, hockey, and so on. My
real motivation is feeling good. That’s why I’ve also made a commitment
to eat fruit, vegetables, and lots of whole grains too. And I prefer smaller
quantities when I eat. If I eat too much, I feel sleepy during the afternoon
and, I can’t stay alert in class. Sometimes I wish my family would take it
easy. I guess they just care about me.
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Expand Your Vocabulary
C. Language Tip
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words.
When someone is healthy, we’ll often say they’re in shape. To
describe someone’s body, we’ll usually use figure (for women) and
build (for men).
figure
1. Wow! The actress in this movie has a great ______________.
in shape
2. I hired a personal trainer to help me get back ______________.
build
3. My brother has a strong ______________.
He wants to become
a professional football player.
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Conversation
Open with default media player
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Dialogue Zone
A. Meanings in Context
Choose the meaning of the sentence in the conversation.
1. I’m really packing on the pounds.
a. I’m getting fatter.
b. I’m getting thinner.
2. You’re in good shape, Darla.
a. You look fit.
b. You’re good at making shapes.
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Dialogue Zone
A. Meanings in Context
Choose the meaning of the sentence in the conversation.
3. I am on a diet.
a. I eat different kinds of food.
b. I control what I eat.
4. I don’t feel up to running.
a. I don’t feel well enough to run.
b. I don’t like running uphill.
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Dialogue Zone
A. Meanings in Context
Choose the meaning of the sentence in the conversation.
5. You can help motivate me.
a. You can teach me how to exercise.
b. If you are there, it will encourage me.
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Dialogue Zone
B. Words with Different Meanings
Match the word in bold with its definition.
1. He’s getting big. He doesn’t fit into the baby seat anymore.
____
b
He fits in well with the other students. ____
a
The pants fit her very nicely. ____
c
Definition: a. v. to become part of the group
b. v. to get into
c. v. to be the right size
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Dialogue Zone
B. Words with Different Meanings
Match the word in bold with its definition.
2. This shirt is so tight that I can’t lift my arms. ____
a
He held on tight to the chair during the earthquake. ____
b
Definition: a. adj. too small
b. adv. very firmly
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Dialogue Zone
B. Words with Different Meanings
Match the word in bold with its definition.
3. I feel faint because I’ve been in the sun for too long. ____
a
b
He was so afraid that he fainted onto the floor. ____
Definition: a. adj. feeling weak and unwell
b. v. to fall over as if asleep
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Dialogue Zone
C. Multiple Choice
Circle the answers.
1. Why does Darla say she’s gaining weight?
a. She weighs herself on a scale.
b. She eats too much food.
c. Her favorite dress is too small.
d. She can’t stand up.
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Dialogue Zone
C. Multiple Choice
Circle the answers.
2. How is the diet making Darla feel?
a. Darla feels full of energy.
b. Darla feels motivated to exercise.
c. Darla has been interested in swimming.
d. Darla has been weak recently.
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Dialogue Zone
C. Multiple Choice
Circle the answers.
3. What does James suggest Darla eat?
a. Only meat
b. Vegetables and soup
c. No bread or other carbohydrates
d. Lots of protein
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Dialogue Zone
C. Multiple Choice
Circle the answers.
4. What kind of exercise will Darla do?
a. Jogging
b. Going for a swim
c. Going hiking
d. Any sport
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Useful Expressions
low in salt
are high in / rich in / full of calcium
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Useful Expressions
is in (good) shape
cut down on / stay away from
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Useful Expressions
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Expression Practice
A. True, False, or Unknown
Listen to the audio. Check T if the statement is true, F if it’s false,
or U if it’s unknown.
1. T □
 F □ U □
To build muscle, a diet needs to have
a lot of protein.
2. T □
 F □ U □
You can get protein from steaks and
hamburgers.
3. T □ F □ U □
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You shouldn’t eat turkey because it’s
full of fat.
4. T □ F □ U □
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Most people eat too much sodium.
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Expression Practice
A. True, False, or Unknown
Listen to the audio. Check T if the statement is true, F if it’s false,
or U if it’s unknown.
5. T □
 F □ U □
Cheese contains a high level of
calcium.
6. T □
 F □ U □
Avoiding salt is important to exercisers.
7. T □ F □
U □
You should stay away from fried food
because it has a lot of sugar.
8. T □ F □ U □

Fatty food tastes better than low-fat
food.
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Expression Practice
Audio Transcripts:
In addition to exercising, you need to eat certain foods if you’re trying to
build muscle. Your diet has to be rich in protein. Red meats are high in
protein, so eat steaks and hamburgers. White turkey is also good
because it’s both full of protein and low in fat. You need strong bones
as well as muscles, so eat foods that are rich in calcium, like cheese.
Also, remember to take in enough salt. Frequent exercisers need to
make sure they don’t lose too much salt from sweating. There are also
a few foods to avoid. Fried foods are high in fat, so keep away from
them. And don’t eat too much sugar.
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Expression Practice
B. Fill in the Blanks
Complete the sentences with the words you hear. Some blanks have
more than one word.
packing on the pounds after the
1. Randall started __________
restaurant opened.
lose
2. Randall is trying to __________
weight. He wants to
go on
__________
a diet.
delicious food and avoid
3. Experts tell you not to eat __________
dessert
__________.
work
4. Dieting is too much __________
for Donovan.
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Expression Practice
B. Fill in the Blanks
Complete the sentences with the words you hear. Some blanks have
more than one word.
keeps to a diet. He is fit and has a(n)
5. Donovan never __________
amazing body.
__________
shape
6. Randall is out of __________.
If he doesn’t watch what he
weight
eats, he puts on __________.
harder
7. Randall thinks biking is __________
than following a(n)
diet
__________.
money for a car or
8. Donovan hasn’t got enough __________
food
__________.
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Expression Practice
Audio Transcripts:
Randall: You know, I’m packing on the pounds because of the new hot dog place
next door. I think I need to lose weight. Maybe I should go on a diet.
Donovan: I can never keep to a diet. Experts just tell you to cut down on
delicious food and stay away from dessert. Diets are too much work.
Randall: You’re in good shape though. How do you do it?
Donovan: I have an amazing body. I just eat whatever I want.
Randall: I’m jealous. I do that and I just put on weight. I’m so out of shape.
Donovan: I also bike 15 kilometers a day.
Randall: Wow! That must be difficult. That seems harder than following a diet.
Donovan: Yeah, but it’s my only way to get to work. I don’t have money for a car. I
also don’t have a lot of money for food.
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Expression Practice
C. Multiple Choice
Listen to the audio and circle the answers.
1. What is Dennis’ job?
2. How does Dennis feel?
a. Building houses
a. He is coughing and has a fever.
b. Managing floors
b. He has stomach pain.
c. Finding roof problems
c. He doesn’t like his job.
d. Plumbing
d. He feels dizzy when he stands.
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Expression Practice
C. Multiple Choice
Listen to the audio and circle the answers.
3. Who cared for Dennis while he
4. When did Dennis first get sick?
was sick?
a. He was sick a month ago.
a. His wife
b. He has been sick for a day.
b. The hospital
c. He was sick for two weeks.
c. No one
d. He has been sick for a week.
d. Some friends
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Expression Practice
Audio Transcripts:
I’m so sick that I can’t go to work. I have a job as a roof inspector, and I
feel dizzy whenever I stand up. How am I supposed to walk around on a
rooftop like that? I need to be able to get out on the roof and look for
problems, but I’m too dizzy to climb a ladder. It started last week when I
was caught outside in a thunderstorm. I was coughing, and I had a fever
after I came home. I wasn’t feeling strong enough to work, so I stayed
home for a few days while my wife took care of me. The coughing and
fever went away, and I thought I’d keep getting better, but I still don’t
feel up to going back to my job.
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Grammar Spotlight
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Grammar Spotlight
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Grammar Practice
A. Rewrite the Sentence
Complete the sentences using a noun clause.
1. Whom did you talk to earlier?
whom you talked to earlier
→ Jean asked me ________________________________.
2. Where did Gareth learn how to skate?
→ I wonder _____________________________________.
where Gareth learned how to skate
3. How did he get the job?
How he got the job
→ ___________________________________
is a mystery.
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Grammar Practice
A. Rewrite the Sentence
Complete the sentences using a noun clause.
4. We don’t communicate well.
→ Our problem is ________________________________.
(that) we don’t communicate well
5. Why is that woman standing outside?
why that woman is standing outside
→ He is curious about _____________________________.
6. We need to take out the trash tomorrow.
(that) we take out the trash tomorrow
→ It is important __________________________________.
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Grammar Practice
B. Multiple Choice
Circle the answers.
1. I lost my mother’s ring. She asked
me where _________.
a. is her ring
b. her ring was
c. is your ring
d. was her ring
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Grammar Practice
B. Multiple Choice
Circle the answers.
2. The neighbors are playing their music loudly. I
can’t hear what ________.
a. is saying you
b. you says
c. you are saying
d. that you says
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Grammar Practice
B. Multiple Choice
Circle the answers.
3. The little boy next door is popular, but I don’t
know how many _________.
a. friends does he have
b. does he have friends
c. friends has he
d. friends he has
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Grammar Practice
B. Multiple Choice
Circle the answers.
4. I’m not going to fix up my apartment.
_________ is too expensive.
a. Whether I want to do
b. What do I want to do
c. What I want to do
d. That I want to do
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Grammar Practice
C. Match
Match the two parts.
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Reading
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Reading
Does diet soda help you lose weight? Will eating before bed
make you fat? Most people think they know the answers.
There are, however, many myths about diet and exercise.
Believing these myths can be bad for you. It might make your
diet or exercise routine less effective.
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Reading
Will you gain weight if you eat late-night snacks? No. People
think that if they eat before bed, their bodies won’t burn off
those calories. In fact, it’s not important when you eat. Your
body will always turn extra calories into fat.
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Reading
Is diet soda better than regular soda? The answer is yes. That
doesn’t mean you can have diet drinks all the time. They are
still unhealthy because you can develop diabetes from
drinking them.
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Reading
Do vegetarians have more trouble building muscle? Most
people would agree. After all, you need meat to become
strong, right? Wrong! If you want to build muscle, you need
protein. Beef, fish, and chicken all have protein. You can also
get protein from cheese, nuts, and grain. Be careful. Protein is
good, but too much can be harmful.
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Reading
Before going to the gym or starting a diet, do some research.
The right information is as important as hard work.
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Reading
A. Words with Different Meanings
Match the word in bold with its definition.
1. Nothing special happened today. It was just another
a
routine day. ____
When I get to work, I follow the same routine. I turn on the
computer and make coffee. ____
b
Definition: a. adj. usual
b. n. the things you usually do
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Reading
A. Words with Different Meanings
Match the word in bold with its definition.
2. My uncle is a regular at this restaurant. He comes every
Friday. ____
a
The hockey player is just a regular guy. He’s not famous at
all. ____
c
It rains in Seattle on a regular basis. ____
b
Definition: a. n. someone who often goes to the same place
b. adj. happening often
c. adj. ordinary, not special
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Reading
A. Words with Different Meanings
Match the word in bold with its definition.
3. I know a great vegetarian restaurant. Its salad tastes
b
amazing. ____
a
I can’t eat this chicken because I’m a vegetarian. ____
Definition: a. n. someone who does not eat meat
b. adj. without meat
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Reading
B. Word Definitions
Use the clues to fill in the blanks with the word choices given.
Change the word form if necessary.
myth
effective
have trouble
harmful
unhealthy
research
1. This is a(n) __________
treatment for cancer. The doctor
effective
says it will work. (useful)
2. Drinking all the time is __________.
It could even cause
harmful
death. (hurts you)
troublewith my homework. Can you help me?
3. I’mhaving
__________
(have problems)
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Reading
B. Word Definitions
Use the clues to fill in the blanks with the word choices given.
Change the word form if necessary.
myth
effective
have trouble
harmful
unhealthy
research
4. You won’t get sick from being out in cold weather. It’s a(n)
myth
__________.
(untrue story)
5. Dr. Wang is doing __________
research on the history of Taiwan.
(study)
unhealthy You need to control
6. Eating too much food is __________.
yourself. (bad for you)
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Reading
C. Multiple Choice
Circle the answers.
1. According to the writer, what does eating before bed do?
a. It makes you fat.
b. It helps you to sleep.
c. It causes you to go crazy.
d. It does nothing.
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Reading
C. Multiple Choice
Circle the answers.
2. Which of the following statements is true?
a. All soda damages your health.
b. Only normal soda is bad for you.
c. Diet soda will make you lose weight.
d. Don’t worry about how much diet soda you drink.
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Reading
C. Multiple Choice
Circle the answers.
3. Why are diet drinks still unhealthy?
a. They will burn off calories.
b. They can give you diabetes.
c. They have too much protein.
d. They don’t let you build muscle.
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Reading
C. Multiple Choice
Circle the answers.
4. If you want to get stronger, it is helpful to eat . . .
a. a lot.
b. only meat.
c. protein.
d. salad.
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Writing
Task I
You are a trainer. Read the ad and think about how you can help Dan.
Write some notes on the right.
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Writing
Task II
Reply to Dan’s ad (80-120 words). Include some of the words and
phrases below.
Hi Dan,
I’m Henry, and I’ve been a personal trainer for five years. I saw your ad,
and I think I can help you. I will concentrate on nutrition to help you deal
with your weight problem. You’ll need to go on a diet. It should be low in
fat. I’ll also ask you to have small portions five times a day. What is your
current weight? I’ll try to motivate you to get daily exercise. I will have you
work out at home, and I’ll accompany you when you take a run in the park
twice a week on average. What times are you free during the week? Do you
have any other health problems?
I hope this helps. When would you like to start?
Yours,
Henry
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The
End
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