Transcript Cholera

Cholera
(霍亂)
Route of trasmission
• eating food or drinking water
contaminated with Vibrio cholerae from
other cholera patients.
• The major reservoir for cholera is humans
• Aquatic environments can serve as
reservoirs of the bacteria.
General Symtoms
• Approximately 1 in 20 infected persons
has severe disease characterized by:
• profuse watery diarrhea (水樣腹瀉),
• vomiting, and (嘔吐)
• leg cramps. (抽筋)
• In these persons, rapid loss of body fluids
leads to dehydration and shock. Without
treatment, death can occur within hours.
General Treatments in HK
• An easily treatable disease
• Oral rehydration
main ingredients: sodium, potassium,
chloride, bicarbonate, glucose
patients with mild to moderate cholera
• Added saline
In especially severe cases, the most
important treatment principle is timely and
quantitative fluids.
General Treatments in HK(II)
• Antimicrobial therapy
An important complementary measures
can reduce fluid loss and shorten the
course of treatment, but does not replace
rehydration.
Preventive Measures
All materials that come in contact with
cholera patients should be sterilized by
washing in hot water using chlorine
bleach if possible.
Hands that touch cholera patients or their
clothing etc should be thoroughly cleaned.
Drink only water that have boiled, or that
have treated with chlorine or iodine.