Transcript 8 Levels of Classification and 6 Kingdoms PowerPoint

The 8 Levels of
Classification
And
The 6 Kingdoms
What is Taxonomy?
• Taxonomy is the branch of science
concerned with classification, especially
living organisms.
Why Classification is Necessary
• Ever heard of a roly poly? What about a potato
bug? A pill bug? Wood louse? All of these
names are actually common names for the same
organism. Imagine how confusing it would be to
keep track of all living things if different people
used their own names. For scientists, the use of
common names and different languages started
to make the study of life more complicated than
it already was.
Carolus Linnaeus
• In order to create one system
that could be used universally,
Carolus Linnaeus developed
binomial nomenclature.
• During Linnaeus’ studies, he
classified and named over
11,000 organisms.
• He based his classifications
on morphology, which is
basically what an organism
looks like.
What is Binomial Nomenclature?
• Binomial Nomenclature: The naming
system for organisms in which each
organism is given a two-part name-a
genus name and a species name.
• Developed by Carolus Linnaeus .
• Binomial Nomenclatures are written in
Latin.
Binomial Nomenclature Rules:
1. The entire two-part name must be written
in italics OR underlined if handwritten.
2. The genus name is always written first.
3. The genus name must be capitalized.
4. The species name is written second.
5. The species name is never capitalized.
Examples of Binomial Nomenclatures
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Human – Homo sapien
Domestic dog – Canis familaris
House cat – Felis catus
Pine tree – Pinus ponderosa
Apple tree – Malus domestica
Brown bear – Ursus arctos
Polar bear – Ursus maritimus
Notice that the genus name is capitalized
and the species name is not.
What are the
8 Levels of Classification?
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Who is King Phyl & How Can He Help Us
Remember the 8 Levels of Classification?
Domain
Dear
Kingdom
King
Phylum
Phyl
Class
Came
Order
Over
Family
For
Genus
Great
Spaghetti Species
BrainPop: Classification
• https://www.brainpop.com/science/diversit
yoflife/classification/
8 Levels of
Classification
• When Carolus
Linnaeus developed
this classification
system, he listed the
8 levels from the
broadest, which is
Domain, to the
most specific,
which is Species.
Domain-Broadest Level
• Living things are divided into 3 domains
(groups) based on their genetic similarity.
The 3 domains are:
1. Archaea: Very ancient prokaryotic
organisms.
2. Bacteria: Unicellular, prokaryotic
organisms. Lacks a nucleus. Has a
cell wall.
3. Eukarya: All life forms with
eukaryotic cells including plants and
animals.
• Here is the
The Domain is
Eukaryota
8 Levels of Classification
Meanings
There are 6 Kingdoms
The Six Kingdoms
Organisms are
classified by:
• Type of cell
• Ability to make
food
• Number of cells in
their body
What are the 6 Kingdoms?
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Archaebacteria
Eubacteria
Protists
Fungi
Plants
Animals
Who is Passive Agnes and How Can She
Help Us to Remember the 6 Kingdoms?
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Almost
Every
Person
Forgets
Passive
Agnes
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Archaebacteria
Eubacteria
Protists
Fungi
Plants
Animals
Archaebacteria
• Unicellular
• Prokaryotic – no
organized
nucleus
• Autotrophs or
heterotrophs
• Thermoacidophile
thrives in strongly
acidic environments
at high temperatures
• Extreme halophiles –
Thrives in salty
environments.
“Ancient or Old
Bacteria”
Eubacteria “New Bacteria”
• Unicellular
• Prokaryotic
• Autotrophs or
heterotrophs
• Ex.
Staphylococc
us and E-coli.
Protists –”odds and ends”
• Unicellular or
multicellular
• Autotrophs or
heterotrophs
• Eukaryotic –
organized
nucleus
• Ex. Amoeba,
paramecium,
slime molds,
euglena, algae.
Fungi
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Most are multicellular
Some are unicellular
Eukaryotes
Heterotrophs
Feed on dead and
decaying organisms
• Sessile-cannot move
on own.
• Ex. Mushrooms,
molds, mildew, yeast.
Plant
• Multicellular
• Eukaryotes
• Autotrophs
• Sessile
• Ex. Roses,
magnolias.
Animals
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Multicellular
Eukaryotes
Heterotrophs
Motile-can
move on own
• Specialized
sense organs