Transcript Computers, Internet and Web

Computers, Internet
and Web
Risanuri Hidayat, Ir.,M.Sc.
Outline
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
1.10
1.11
1.12
1.13
1.14
1.15
1.16
1.17
1.18
1.19
Introduction
The Future of Computing
e-Business and e-Commerce
What is a Computer?
Types of Programming Languages
Other High-Level Languages
Structured Programming
History of the Internet
Personal Computing, Distributed Computing and
Client/Server Computing
History of the World Wide Web
Hardware Trends
The Key Software Trend: Object Technology
JavaScript: Object-Based Scripting for the Web
Browser Portability
Evolution of the How to Program Series: C and C++
Java and Java How to Program
Internet and World Wide Web How to Program
e-Business and e-Commerce How to Program
Dynamic HTML
1.1 Introduction
We will learn

Structured programming and proper
programming techniques
This course is appropriate for


Novices with little or no programming
experience
Experienced professionals building
substantial information systems
1.2 The Future of Computing
Future of Computers
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Use increasing dramatically
Costs decreasing
Explosion of Internet and World Wide Web
Multimedia content
Increasing bandwidth
Magazines and books already going online
Easy international communication

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Could replace TV, radio and phone
Helping the disabled
1.3 e-Business & e-Commerce
e-Business
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Provides products and services 24 hours a day

Provides unlimited inventory
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Allows consumer to comparison shop
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Essential to business success

Replacing “brick and mortar” stores
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Personalize user’s experience
New business models introduced by Web
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eBay
Online auctions
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Priceline.com
Customers name own price
1.3 e-Business & e-Commerce
Consequences of Internet and Web

Privacy invasion
One of the risks of Internet
Personal information on the Web
Tracking of Web movement
Credit card security

Privacy of intellectual property
Copyright infringement
MP3
1.4 What is a Computer?
Computer
 Device capable of performing computations and
making logical decisions
 Computers process data under the control of sets of
instructions called computer programs
Hardware
 Various devices comprising a computer
 Keyboard, screen, mouse, disks, memory, CD-ROM,
and processing units
Software
 Programs that run on a computer
1.5 Types of Programming Lng.
Three types of programming languages
1.
Machine languages
Strings of numbers giving machine specific instructions
Example:
+1300042774
+1400593419
+1200274027
2.
Assembly languages
English-like abbreviations representing elementary computer
operations (translated via assemblers)
Example:
LOAD
ADD
STORE
BASEPAY
OVERPAY
GROSSPAY
1.5 Types of Programming
Languages
3.
High-level languages
Codes similar to everyday English
Use mathematical notations (translated via
compilers)
Example:
grossPay = basePay + overTimePay
1.6 Other High-level Languages
Other high-level languages

FORTRAN
Used for scientific and engineering applications

COBOL
Used to manipulate large amounts of data

Pascal
Intended for academic use
1.7 Structured Programming
Structured programming
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Disciplined approach to writing programs
Clear, easy to test and debug and easy to
modify
Multitasking

Specifying that many activities run in parallel
1.8 History of the Internet
The Internet enables
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Quick and easy communication via e-mail
International networking of computers
Packet switching
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The transfer of digital data via small packets
Allows multiple users to send and receive data
simultaneously
No centralized control

If one part of the Internet fails, other parts can still
operate
Bandwidth
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Information carrying capacity of communications lines
1.9 Personal Computing,
Distributed Computing, and
Client/Server Computing
Personal computers
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Economical enough for individual
Distributed computing
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Computing distributed over networks
Client/server computing
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Sharing of information across computer
networks between file servers and clients
(personal computers)
1.10 History of the World Wide
Web
WWW
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Allows computer users to locate and view
multimedia-based documents
Introduced in 1990 by Tim Berners-Lee
Internet today
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Mixes computing and communications
technologies
Makes information constantly and instantly
available to anyone with a connection
1.11 Hardware Trends
Improving technologies
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Internet community thrives on improvements of
Hardware
Software
Communications

Cost of products and services
Consistently dropping over the decades

Computer capacity and speed
Doubles every two years (on average)

Microprocessor chip
Laid groundwork in late 1970s and 1980s for productivity
improvements of the 1990s
1.12 The Key Software Trend:
Object Technology
Objects

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Reusable software components that model items in
the real world
Meaningful software units
Date objects, time objects, paycheck objects, invoice objects,
audio objects, video objects, file objects, record objects, etc.
Any noun can be represented as an object

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More understandable, better organized, and easier to
maintain than procedural programming
Favor modularity
1.13 JavaScript: Object-Based
Scripting for the Web
JavaScript
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Attractive package for advancing level of
programming language education
Object-based language
Supports proper software engineering techniques
Free for download in today’s most popular Web
browsers
Attractive to colleges
Bug fixes and new versions easily obtained

Powerful scripting language
Portable
Programs execute interpretively on client machines
1.14 Browser Portability
Browser portability
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Great challenge
Great diversity of client browsers in use
Many different platforms also in use
Difficult to
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Know capabilities and features of all browsers
and platforms in use
Find correct mix between absolute portability,
complexity and usability of features
1.15 Evolution of the How to
Program Series: C and C++
C
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Wasn’t used for teaching because of Pascal
Used in business and in operating systems
C How to Program began teaching C to university students
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Portable across many platforms
C++
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Extension of C
Provides capabilities for object-oriented programming
Very widely used in industry
Lead to writing of C++ How to Program
1.16 Java and Java How to
Program
Java is used to
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Create Web pages with dynamic and interactive
content
Develop large-scale enterprise applications
Enhance the functionality of Web servers
Provide applications for consumer devices (such as
cell phones, pagers and personal digital assistants)
Java How to Program

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Closely followed the development of Java by Sun
Teaches first-year programming students the
essentials of graphics, images, animation, audio,
video, database, networking, multithreading and
collaborative computing
1.17 Internet and World Wide
Web
How to Program
Internet and World Wide Web How to
Program

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Followed the Internet boom
Focuses on enhanced capabilities of the Web
Still provides a solid treatment of programming
principles
1.18 e-Business and eCommerce
How
to
Program
e-Business and e-Commerce How to Program:

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Step beyond Internet and World Wide Web How to
Program
Explicitly teaches programming for e-Business and ecommerce
Firm grounding for conducting business on-line
Computer programming and basic principles of
computer science
JavaScript primary programming language
1.19 Dynamic HTML
DHTML
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Two versions
Microsoft
Netscape
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Consists of number of technologies freely
available for download
Used for developing high-performance, Webbased applications
Much of application’s work performed directly on
client rather then on server or Internet