Transcript Cell Cycle, Mitosis, Cancer

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q6ucKWIIFmg&feature=related
Cell Cycle, Cancer, & Chemotherapy
Learning Objectives:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Explain the difference between normal and cancer cells.
Describe the stages of the cell cycle and what occurs
during each stage.
List the three major places in the cell cycle where
chemotherapy agents work.
Explain where the cell cycle has checkpoints and what
these checkpoints are testing for.
Predict the effects of losing one of the checkpoints.
Understand what a tumor suppressor gene is and what an
oncogene is and how they relate to checkpoint proteins.
Explain ways the cell cycle can be mis-regulated and how
this leads to cancer.
Why Do We Care About Cancer?
– Leading cause of death in Canada
• In 2008 Cancer accounted for 30% of all the deaths that
year
– In 2013 Ontario will have an estimated 74,044
new cases of cancer
– The total economic impact of cancer in Canada in
2009 was estimated to be 22.5 billion dollars
– Taken from Cancer in Canada – Charity Intelligence Canada
Cancer: Unregulated Cell Division
The Cell Cycle
G1 = Growth 1
S= DNA synthesis
G2 = Growth 2
Cancer – MITOSIS Gone Wild!
Question
1
Fighting Cancer
Death rates are lower since 1980 for
all of the following female cancers,
EXCEPT:
A. Breast
B. Lung
C. Colorectal
D. Uterus
Chemotherapy Treatments
Work at various stages to stop an overactive cell
cycle
1. Inhibitors of Cell Growth (Growth Factor
Proteins e.g. hormones)
2. Inhibitors of DNA Duplication
3. Inhibitors of Cell Division
Where, when, and how do they work?
Group Assignment: Part 1
Cell Cycle Overview
On your sheet of paper, use these terms below to mark
the arrows and place the pictures of the cell at different
stages to create your own cell cycle diagram.
Chromosome Duplication
Cell Division
Chromosome Separation
Cell Growth 2
Cell Growth 1
Group Assignment: Part 2
Chemotherapy Agents
Indicate on your diagram where the three major types
of chemotherapy agents would work:
Inhibitors of DNA Duplication
Inhibitors of Cell Division
Inhibitors of Cell Growth
Cancer is a genetic disease
• Cancer arises from the accumulation of genetic
changes (mutations)
• Most cancers have a minimum of 6-9 different genes
mutated
• Only 5 – 10% of Cancers are hereditary
• We can inherit dispositions (susceptibility) to cancer.
Question 2
Decide if you think the following
statements are true (T) or false (F)
i) Cancer cells make exact copies of
themselves through cell division
(mitosis) T
F
ii) Normal cells stick together while
cancer cells act independently
T
F
iii) Normal cells self-destruct when
too old; cancer cells move to
another location of the body
T
F
Cell Division – Mitosis
Blue: DNA
Green: Spindle
proteins
Cell Division
http://www.cbp.pitt.edu/faculty/yong_wan/images/main_cell_cycle.jpg
Stages of Mitosis
White Fish Mitosis
Group Assignment: Part 3
Group Assignment: Part 4