Transcript Genetic Engineering

Connect!
•What do engineers do?
•So what do you think genetic engineering involves?
2. Genetic Engineering:
•is a way of cutting DNA from one organism into
small fragments and inserting the fragments into
a host organism of the same or different species.
Enzymes are used to cut, copy, and move
segments of DNA.
Steps
1. The DNA containing the desired gene
must be cut away from the genes
surrounding it by restriction enzymes.
2. The piece of DNA is combined with a
piece of DNA from the recipient organism
to form recombinant DNA.
3. The recombinant DNA is inserted into the
new organism, which uses the gene.
Genetic engineering involves removing a desirable gene from a cell, adding
it to the gene structure of a bacterial cell, and replacing the recombinant
DNA into the bacterial cell. The bacteria then have the capability to produce
the chemical produced by the original animal or plant cell.
•inserting, deleting, or substituting DNA segments can
alter genes; an altered gene may be passed on to every
cell that develops from the recombinant cell
Chunkie Time!
• Describe the process of genetic
engineering.
• What chemicals are used to cut the DNA?
• What are the 3 steps involved?
• What is the new combined DNA called?
• What happens if the host organism
reproduces?
•What do
the bacteria
at step 5
have the
capability to
do?
• Explain this
diagram.
Importance of Genetic Engineering
• genetically engineered bacteria can be used in
healthcare to produce hormones, medicines,
and other products to treat diseases;
Recombinant bacteria are currently used to
produce:
*human growth hormone to treat dwarfism
*insulin to treat diabetes
• genetically engineered bacteria can be
used in industry to break down pollutants
into harmless products; some bacteria are
used to clean up oil spills
•Farmers have also been helped by genetic
engineering. Genes have been inserted into plants
that make them resistant to disease and harmful
insects.
• Mosquitoes may, in the near future, be
genetically engineered to produce the
vaccine for malaria. Therefore instead of
giving the disease to people, the
mosquitoes will be immunizing them!
Chunkie Time!
• How are recombinant bacteria used in
healthcare?
• Explain how the medicine is made.
• How are recombinant bacteria used in
industry?
• How is genetic engineering used in
agriculture?
• Explain how resistant crops are made.
• Explain the diagram below.
• Explain this in terms of genetic engineering.
• Explain why I picked this background for
this topic…
Just for Fun 