Transcript Genetic Engineering Short Notes

Definitions:
1. Genetic engineering- remaking genes for
practical purposes
2. Recombinant DNA- DNA made from two or
more different organisms
3. Restriction enzyme- enzymes that recognize
short specific DNA sequences and that cut the
DNA there
4. Plasmid- small, circular DNA molecules that
can replicate independantly of the main
chromosome
5. Vector- something used to carry the gene of
interest into another cell
1. Cutting DNA- restriction enzymes cutout
the gene of interest so there are short,
single strand ends, called Sticky ends, on
the DNA
2. Making recombinant DNA- the gene of
interest is put into a plasmid that has been
cut the same way.
3. Gene cloning- many copies of the gene are
made whenever the host cell reproduces
4. Screening for
transformationscientists look
for a certain
trait to be
expressed in
certain
colonies of
cells following
an attempted
recombination
Screening can
also be done
by using
electrophoresis
and Southern
blot techniques