Transcript genes.
DNA, Chromosomes & Genes Learning Objectives • To understand that cells are the basic building blocks for all living things • To be able to relate the structure of DNA to genes and chromosomes Like bricks are the basic building blocks for houses, cells are the basic building block for us! Here is an image of cells taken using a light microscope Now lets have a look at another cell taken using a much stronger microscope… This is a cell from the human intestines Inside our cells is a nucleus Like a recipe that gives the instructions to make a cake, the nucleus gives the cell the instructions to make the things it needs! It is our DNA stored in the nucleus that gives these instructions This is what our DNA looks like Our DNA is very long ? So how does it all fit into the nucleus? It is stored in chromosomes Here is a picture of a pair of pig chromosomes, we can see them because they have been made to fluoresce. Pigs have 19 chromosome pairs in total This is a picture of a male pig’s full set of chromosomes Here are some human chromosomes inside a cell, which have also been made to fluoresce Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes in total Different bits of the chromosomes do different things. ] These different bits are called genes. We have 2 copies of every gene, we get one copy from our dad and the other from our mom. Different genes tell us different things, like what colour hair to have, what colour eyes to have & whether to be left or right handed. Genes are very particular, like phone numbers - if you get a number wrong they won’t work! Fill in the blanks using the words at the bottom: ______ are the basic building blocks for life. Inside each ______ is one ______ . Our ______ is stored in the nucleus. Our DNA is very ______ so it is stored in ______. Different bits of chromosomes are called ______. Different genes tell our bodies ______ things . We have ______ copies of every gene. ______ in our genes cause problems. different two errors DNA nucleus cells chromosomes cell genes long Fill in the blanks using the words at the bottom: _cells_____ are the basic building blocks for life. Inside each __cell____ is one nucleus______ . Our _DNA_____ is stored in the nucleus. Our DNA is very _long_____ so it is stored in _chromosomes_____. Different bits of chromosomes are called __genes____. Different genes tell our bodies _different_____ things . We have __two____ copies of every gene. ____Errors__ in our genes cause problems. different two errors DNA nucleus cells chromosomes cell genes long Traffic light • I understand that cells are the basic building blocks for all living things • I can relate DNA to genes and chromosomes • Are you red, yellow or green? • Learning Map Slide show produced by Chloe Williams. Image Credits: Cell and chromosome images kindly provided by Dr. Mar Carmena, Dr. Jim Selfridge and Dr. Heather McQueen from the University of Edinburgh Kindly funded by: