Transcript Document

• Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering
Beckman 4261
Yingxiao Wang
x36727
[email protected]
http://imaging.bioen.uiuc.edu/yingxiao_wang/classes.htm
• Objective
To introduce the cutting-edge engineering
technologies applied in the molecular and cellular
biology research, i.e. how can the properties of
genes, molecules, and cells be monitored,
measured, manipulated, and modeled to advance
our understanding of the complex biological
system.
Introduction
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Cells
Genomes
Genomes Control Cellular Functions
Molecules
Reactions between Molecules
• Cells and Genomes
Different Cells Determine the Whole Multi-cellular Organism
DNA Units and
Assembly
DNA Units and
Assembly
DNA Replication
From DNA to Protein
Transcription (From DNA to RNA)
The Conformation of RNA
Hepatitis Delta Virus
The Function of Proteins
tRNA
Translation (mRNA->Protein)
3D Structure of Ribosome
tRNAs
Ribosome
mRNA
Gene and Regulatory DNA
Bilayer of amphipathic Lipids Forming
Membrane: Plasma Membrane
Plasma Membrane
Summary 1
•DNA->RNA->Protein
•Replication, Transcription, Translation
•DNA and RNA, phosphate+sugar+base
•DNA, Double Helix, AGTC
•RNA, tRNA, mRNA (AGUC), rRNA
•RNA and Protein, Various 3D structures
•Protein, enzyme, structure supports
•Lipids, cell membrane
Gene Alteration (I)
Gene Alteration (II)
Gene Comparison
Cell Types
Procaryotes (without nucleus) and Eucaryotes (with nucleus)
An Eucaryotic Cell
Phagocytosis
White blood cell engulfing a red blood cell
Mitochondrion
Own tRNA, mRNA, ribosome, own circular DNA
Proposed Hypothesis: the Origin of Mitochondria
The Origin of Chloroplasts
Environment and Cellular
Functions and Fate
Yeast: the Simplest Eucaryote Cell Model
Microarray Study of Yeast Genome upon
Stimulation
Model Systems and the Ultimate Goal-Human Beings
C-elegan
Drosophila
Mouse
Mutational Genesis to Find Gene Functions in Model Systems
Summary 2
•Gene Alterations: mutation, duplication, segment
shuffling, horizontal transfer
•Homologous gene comparison
•Procaryote and Eucaryote cells (nucleus)
•Eucaryote cells as predators
•Environment effects on Gene expressions
•Model systems: yeast, c elegans, drosophila, mouse
•Gene mutagenesis