Transcript Basics of Feed Composition

Feed Composition
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Concentrate
Feeds that are low in fiber and high in total digestible nutrients like
GRAIN
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Roughage
Feeds that are high in fiber and low in total digestible nutrient like HAY
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Feeds are classified according to
chemical analysis in six general Groups
1.Water
2. Mineral Matter or Ash
3. Protein
4. Fiber
5. Fat
6. Nitrogen-free extract
Each is component is deteremined by chemical
analysis
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How Feed Companies are
determined…
Dry matter
is determined by drying the
material & measuring the amount of water
removed:
100%-% water=% dry matter
Protein
is determined using chemicals to digests
and break the protein down in to Nitrogen.
Fat content is determined using an ether extract to
remove the fat from the sample.
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Fiber is determined by first boiling the sample in a weak
acid solution, then boiling it in a weak alkali solution.
Minerals are determined by burning the sample. The mass
left over (mostly carbon) is further analyzed.
NFE nitrogen free extract: determined by extrapolation of
the data from the chemical analysis.
NFE= weight of sample – crude fat – fiber - minerals
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Vocabulary Review
Ash
Calorie
Mineral matter in a feed.
Basic unit of energy. Amount of energy required to
raise 1 gram of water 1C. Total amount of energy in a feed.
Concentrate
Feeds that are low in fiber and high in total
digestible nutrients. Ex. Grain.
Crude protein
Total amount of Nitrogen including amino
acids, enzymes, urea and ammonia.
Extrapolate
Roughage
Analyzing groups of data to draw conclusions.
Feeds that are high in fiber and low in total
digestible nutrients. Ex. Hay.
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