Transcript The Renaissance

11/1/12
• What is the first thing that comes to mind
when thinking about art?
• What is your favorite movie?
• What is your favorite book?
• What is your favorite song?
• Why are you as an individual important?
• What might cause you to get more interested
in learning?
The Renaissance
The Late Middle Ages in Europe (10001300 C.E)
• Food supply increased
– Switch to horsepower
– Three-Field System
• Population increased
• Towns and cities grew
• Trade increased as a
result of the Crusades
• Growth of education
– Contact with Byzantines
and Muslims
The Commercial Revolution & the Rise of
the Merchant Class
• Guilds-group of
individuals in the same
business working to
improve work conditions.
• Trade increased and
people got wealthy &
powerful-merchants
• Expansion of trade +
business= Commercial
Revolution
• Trade Fairs
• The rise of banking
The Rise of the Renaissance
• The end of the Middle Ages
and Feudalism
– Bubonic Plague
– Hundred Years War
• Survivors wanted to celebrate!
• Trade in the northern Italy
made ideas spread quickly
• Many powerful merchants, like
the Medici Family (bankers) in
Florence, Italy, bought this art.
• Church leaders did the same
• Art-looked to beautify ancient
Rome and Greece
• Renaissance-revival of art and
learning which began in
northern Italy
The Renaissance Begins in Italy
• As plague sacked most
European cities, some
cities remained strong
because of trade.
• Florence, Italy
(wealthiest)
• Wealthy Merchant Class
– Medici Family (bankers)
• Classical heritage of Rome
and Greece
• Many of the greatest
artists and writers came
from Italy
The Rise of Humanism
• As people studied the
classics of Greece and
Rome, this led to
Humanism.
• Humanism-intellectual
movement focusing on
human potential
• Led away from the Church
• People became more
secular, or worldly.
• The Renaissance Manman who mastered every
area of study
Renaissance Art
• Art changed
• More realistic
• Greek and Roman
subjects
• Perspective-technique
showing 3 dimensions
on a flat surface.
• Human body used often
• Flemish Painting
became popular in
Northern Europe
Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa
Raphael’s School of Athens
Donatello’s Statue of David
Michelangelo’s Sistine Chapel
Which Would You Choose?
Gates of Paradise
The Florence Cathedral
Renaissance Writing
• Started to write in the vernacular
(native language) instead of just
Latin
• Dante was the first to write in the
vernacular in The Divine Comedy.
• Writing was more secular-not
religious
• Human individuality and emotion
(Humanism)
• Erasmus (Christian Humanist)- In
Praise and Folly depicts love and
human emotion, and makes fun
of certain people in society.
Midway upon the journey of our life
I found myself within a forest dark,
For the straightforward pathway had
been lost.
Ah me! how hard a thing it is to say
What was this forest savage, rough, and
stern,
Which in the very thought renews the
fear.
So bitter is it, death is little more;
But of the good to treat, which there I
found,
Speak will I of the other things I saw
there.
Dante’s Inferno from The Divine Comedy
And next these come those that
commonly call themselves the
religious and
monks, most false in both titles, when
both a great part of them are
farthest from religion…(I P & F).
The Renaissance Spreads North
• Petrarch-Father of
Humanism-sonnets to
Laura
• Machiavelli-The Prince
about leaders,
government, and control
• Thomas More-Utopia
about a perfect society
(Christian Humanist)
• William ShakespeareRomeo and Juliet, Hamlet,
Macbeth, Othello, etc.