Transcript Updated Review for World History II Final

Ms. Martinez World History II Review
A system in which cities are the
center of political, economic, and
social life.
is…
The
Urban Society
Is this a characteristic of the Italian Renaissance?
Can you name the main 3 Italian city states that fall
under this category?
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-a63wk-H_x18/TZt-DznTK7I/AAAAAAAAAC8/fGj7pst-3kY/s1600/Coca-Cola.jpg
The Renaissance began in the city-states of
this European country?
Can you locate and label: Italy, Venice, Milan, Florence, Rome,
Naples, Corsica, Sicily, Sardinia, Adriatic Sea, Mediterranean Sea, on
a blank map?
Locate and label
City-states
__________
were the centers of political,
economic,and social life in Renaissance
Italy.
A number of people who lived in Italy
between 1350-1550 believed they had
witnessed a rebirth of the ancient
Rome
Greek
_______
and ________
worlds. This
time period is also referred to as the
Renaissance
________________.
A new view of human beings emerged as people in the
Italian Renaissance began to emphasize Individual Ability.
What was the third characteristic of the of
the Italian Renaissance, as noted in our
textbook?
A worldly viewpoint-
– The Individual
The Worldview is a view of the world from a materialistic, naturalistic
standpoint. Therefore, Humanist sees no place for the supernatural
or immaterial. "There is no place in the Humanist worldview for either
immortality or God in the valid meanings of those terms. Humanism
contends that instead of the gods creating the cosmos, the cosmos,
in the individualized form of human beings giving rein to their
imagination, created the gods."
is…
The
Secular
This famous family were Patrons of the arts, leaders
in Florence and wealthy bankers.
Patrons - are people who support the arts.
Family was able to get his cousin to become the
Pope - Pope Leo X
is…
The
Medici Family
http://ts4.mm.bing.net/th?id=HN.608003275750310153&pid=1.7
To be the ultimate Renaissance man, one had
to master every discipline, from natural
science, engineering and architecture
through to philosophy and art. This artist
wrote detailed notes on all of these subjects,
and in the margins he often left tantalizing
doodles of astonishing machines, tanks,
parachutes, helicopters, many of which might
actually have worked.
What artist is this referencing?
answer on next slide
Leonardo da
Vinci
This person’s view on politics had a
profound influence on later political
leaders in the western world and are still
studied in universities today.
“it is much safer to be feared than loved
because ...love is preserved by the link of
obligation which, owing to the baseness
of men, is broken at every opportunity for
their advantage; but fear preserves you by
a dread of punishment which never fails.”
The
is…
Niccolo Machiavelli
Machiavelli called his book “The Prince”, and
dedicated it to the Medici family. He hoped it
might win him back his political career. His
plan backfired. Machiavelli remained in exile
for the rest of his life.
His legacy was his name and his manifesto
which came to symbolize a new breed of
politics, shrewd but devoid of morality.
http://historymartinez.files.wordpress.com/2012/12/scientific-revolution.jpg
A transformation in European
thought in the 1500s and 1600s
that called for scientific
observation, experimentation,
and the questioning of traditional
opinions
Name this Era?
Answer- Scientific Revolution
Think you might be a genius like
Leonardo da Vinci? A great political
strategist á la Machiavelli? Or just plain
magnificent like Lorenzo? Or perhaps
you're as debaucherous as Pope Leo X?
Find out below....
Take note of your answers then click
through for the result. Good luck!
Answer - Humanism
Petrarch-Father of Humanism
Key intellectual movement during
the Renaissance.
Based on the study of the classics.
Humanism
Vernacular
This Italian author wrote in the __________________,
literature written in the language spoken in their own
region.
His masterpiece is the story of the soul’s journey to
salvation.
Dante
Who am I? ___________________
What is the name of my masterpiece? __________
Dante’s Inferno
Leader of the Catholic Faith
Filippo Brunelleschi was one of the foremost
architects and engineers of the Italian
Renaissance. He is perhaps most famous for
his development of linear perspective and for
engineering the dome.
Protestant Reformation
The name given to the religious reform
movement that divided the western
Church into Catholic and Protestant
groups.
Martin Luther
German, monk, professor.
Believed that humans are not saved through their
good works alone but in their faith in god. He called
it the certainty of salvation.
Martin Luther’s Ninety-Five Theses were
a call for:
a. religious revolt against the German princes
b. a greater papal authority
c. Reform within the Roman Catholic Church
After his excommunication by Pope Leo
X in January 1521, Luther was declared
an outlaw and a heretic by the Roman
emperor at that time, Charles V.
He later went on to publish a complete
translation of the bible into German,
which contributed to the spread and
development of the German language.
What is this video referencing?
Martin Luther and other supporters
of the Protestant Reformation
objected to the selling of indulgences,
which allowed
A. wealthy people to buy positions in
the church.
B. merchants to establish joint-stock
companies in Rome.
C. people to buy pardons for their sins
so they would get to heaven faster.
D. the Catholic Church to buy plots of
land at very low prices.
An immediate result of the
Reformation was?
1. A greater toleration for
religions other than
Christianity
2. A decrease in educational
opportunities
3. Decline in religious unity and
in the power of the Catholic
Church
The Protestant Reformation resulted in
the formation of many new Christian
denominations that disagreed with the
teachings of the Catholic Church. These
included the Lutherans, Calvinists,
Anglicans, and many others which
weakened the power of the Church by
simply offering an alternative to it.
Which was a major result of the
Reformation?
1. religious teachings were no longer
allowed in the universities
2. an emergence of religious denominations
3. the power of the pope was
strengthened
The Protestant Reformation and the European
Renaissance were similar in that both
1. discouraged the growth of strong
monarchs
2. encouraged people to question
tradition
The popularity of the philosophy of
Humanism, or the emphasis on
individuality, caused many to question
traditional authority during the
Renaissance. Of course, the most
traditional source of authority at this time
in Europe was the Catholic Church, which
had engaged in practices that many
found distasteful such as the selling of
indulgences.
In 1450, this man invented the
movable type printing press in
Europe…
Answer- Johannes Gutenberg
What was the first and most widely printed
book in Europe? The Bible
Resources: The spread
The printing press increased these two things in Europe
A. Knowledge and literacy
B. Wars and literacy
C. Corruption and knowledge
D. Religious belief and wars
John Calvin is best know for which idea?
Predestination
Calvin’s most important teaching was that
mankind could not control or change anything in
this earth life. Calvin believed that everything
was controlled by God, the past, the present,
and the future. He called this doctrine
predestination. According to this doctrine,
certain people were predestined to heaven, while
others were predestined to hell. They believed
that an individual could do nothing to change
their predestination.
Henry the VIII was different from
Luther and Calvin mainly because
A. his break with the church was more
political and personal rather than
based on issues of faith.
B. he maintained close ties with the
Catholic Church.
C. his new church did not recognize the
authority of the Pope.
D. he considered card playing, dancing,
and singing to be sinful.
To travel over new territory for
adventure or discovery?
is…
The
Exploration
http://ts4.mm.bing.net/th?id=HN.608053200443018752&pid=1.7
What were the causes of the
Age of Exploration?
• New and improved technology
allowed for long ocean
voyages
• Demand for goods from Asia
• Ottoman Empire blocked trade
routes
What two countries lead the
Age of Exploration?
Spain
Portugal
What were the conquistador’s
motives in the Americas?
• God, Gold, and Glory
What impact did the conquistadors
contact with the Americans have
on the Native American
population?
•Destroyed the
population through
enslavement, warfare
and smallpox
Name this economic theory..
• Colonies supply the mother country with raw materials.
• Mother country uses raw material to create manufactured
goods.
• Mother country then uses the colonies as a market to sell
manufactured goods.
• Desire a favorable balance of trade—export more than
you import
Mercantilism.
• Ultimate goal is self-sufficiency
• Mother country benefits in this
relationship
Triangular Trade
"The stench of the hold…was so intolerably loathsome that
it was dangerous to remain there for any time…but now
that the whole ship’s cargo were confined together, it
became absolutely pestilential. The closeness of the place
and the heat of the climate, added to the number in the
ship which was so crowded that each had scarcely room to
turn himself, almost suffocated us"
Olaudah Equiano
What event is this person referencing?
Answer - Middle Passage
African slaves were thereafter traded for raw materials, which
were returned to Europe to complete the "Triangular Trade".
Middle Passage
The ____________________was
the stage of the triangular
trade in which millions of Africans were shipped to the New
World as part of the Atlantic slave trade.
What were the results of the Age of
Exploration?
• Begins a period of European
global domination
Montesquieu believed the purpose of the separation
of powers was to
Prevent any one person or group from
obtaining too much power.
Francis Bacon, Galileo, and Isaac Newton
promoted the idea that knowledge should be
based on
1. the experiences of past civilizations
2. experimentation and observation
3. emotions and feelings
4. the teachings of the Catholic Church
Correct Answer Number:
Explanation: These scientists prompted the Scientific
Revolution through their use of the scientific method to
carry out careful experiments based on sound hypotheses.
Know
Francis Bacon - Scientific Method
Isaac Newton - Three laws of motion,
universal laws of gravitation.
Which statement best describes the effects of
the works of Nicolaus Copernicus, Galileo
Galilei, Sir Isaac Newton, and René
Descartes?
1.
2.
3.
4.
The acceptance of traditional authority was strengthened.
The scientific method was used to solve problems.
Funding to education was increased by the English government.
Interest in Greek and Roman drama was renewed.
Correct Answer Number: 2
Explanation: The scientific method uses experimentation and observation
to prove theories. All three people used this method in their work, which
resulted in others following their example.
French Revolution
Define - bourgeoisie
Define Guillotine
Last monarchs of France - Marie
Antoinette and Louis XVI
Who took control of France after French
Revolution
Napoleon - Napoléon Bonaparte was a French
military and political leader who rose to prominence
during the French Revolution and its associated wars. As
Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804
until 1814, and again in 1815.
What time period does
this image represent?
http://blogs.cas.suffolk.edu/tababayan/files/2013/02/industrialization-4.jpg
Industrial Revolution begins in
Great Britain.
Increased Cotton Production.
Steam engine was crucial to Coal
and Iron industries.
Policy or practice of gaining
control over the political and
economic life of other areas.
is…
The
Imperialism
http://ts3.mm.bing.net/th?id=HN.608056310007267689&pid=1.7
political theory that maintains
that an individual enters into
society with certain basic rights
and that no government can deny
these rights.
is…
The
Natural Rights
http://americanchristianhistory.com/JohnLocke.jpg
The forefather of what we know
today about motion, mass and
astronomy
is…
The
Galileo
http://galileo.rice.edu/images/things/hevelius_telescope.gif
(1884-1885) During European Imperialism,
various European leaders met in Berlin,
Germany to discuss plans for dividing Africa
peacefully. These leaders had little regard
for African independence, and had no
representation for native Africans. This
began the process of imperializing Africa.
What was the name of this meeting?
Berlin Conference
A joint stock company that controlled most of India
during the period of imperialism. This company
controlled the political, social, and economic life in
India for more than 200 years.
Answer- British East India Company
Define Direct rule
Define Indirect Rule
Suez Canal - Lifeline to India, Ferdinand de
Lesseps
Panama Canal - connects Atlantic Ocean to
Pacific ocean
King of Belgium who began
imperialistic trade inside of Africa
which resulted in the Scramble for
Africa.
King Leopold II, conquered Congo by
sending Henry Stanley. Murdered
millions!
1823) A political policy of the
United States by President James
Monroe that states the Western
Hemisphere is closed to European
interference.
(
Monroe Doctrine
The armed forces of a nation
Militarism
.
Pride in one’s country or
culture, often excessive in
nature.
Nationalism
Genocide
the systematic destruction of all
or part of a racial, ethnic,
religious or national group
Recall knowledge on Armenian
Genocide studied in class.
Name of country it took place
in..Turkey.
is…
The
Genocide
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-sxNmUqkOOk4/UXse0roJIHI/AAAAAAAAwtI/zAOepxbEnnI/s1600/Armenian-genocide-bones.jpg
Which economic theory
is suggested by the
political cartoon below?
http://ts3.mm.bing.net/th?id=HN.608006926468254946&pid=1.7
Nationalism
patriotic feeling, principles, or
efforts.
is…
The
Nationalism
http://ts2.mm.bing.net/th?id=HN.607987753740077803&pid=1.7
WW 1
Assassination of Archduke Franz
Ferdinand sparked war.
Define Alliance
Name countries that made up the Triple Alliance (central powers)
Names of countries that made up Triple Entente
Trench Warfare - define
WW1 uses Gas Warfare and tanks for the
first time.
America Enters the War with the Sinking of
Lusitania under US President Woodrow
Wilson.
Treaty of Versailles - agreement that ends
the war.
Germany accepts responsibility for the war,
Called War Guilt Clause and pay for
damages known as Reparations.