Transcript Renaissance & Reformation

Renaissance &
Reformation
th
(14-17 Century)
Unit 3
Part I
The Authors
The Renaissance Period

REBIRTH of a Focus on Arts and Culture

Mainly in Europe

Inspired by the Ancient Greeks & Romans
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Medici Family
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Wealthy Bankers Who Ran Italy & Supported Arts
Niccolo Machiavelli
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Italian Author of “The Prince”
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Believed a Ruler Must Be RUTHLESS
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Gain Power By Any Means Necessary
William Shakespeare
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English Author of “Romeo & Juliet” &
“Hamlet”
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Wrote Over 37 Plays
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Famous for Comedies & Tragedies
Johannes Gutenberg
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German Inventor

Created The Printing Press
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Helped Increase Number of Books, Readers, &
Ideas
Machiavelli Debate

Answer the Following Questions in 3/4 Sentences EACH

1. Was Machiavelli Right? Should A Leader Gain Power By Any Means
Necessary? Why or Why Not?
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2. Is It Better to be Feared Than Loved? Why?
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3. Can You Name Any Leader Who Ruled Like Machiavelli Suggested?
Was It Effective For Them?

Trade Your Papers; Another Person Must Respond to Each
One Of Your Answers Saying Whether They Agree With
Part II
The Artists
Leonardo Da Vinci
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Painter and Inventor
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Vegetarian, Very Private Life


What is MOST Interesting About This?
Created the Mona Lisa & Last Supper
The Last Supper
The Mona Lisa
Michelangelo
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Painter & Sculptor
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Arrogant, Loved “Male Beauty”


What Does This Imply?
Sculpted the David & Ceiling of Sistine Chapel
The Sistine Chapel
The Statute of David
Raphael

Painter & Architect
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Died After a LONG Night of Partying
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
What Happened?
Created “The School of Athens” and Called
Himself One of Histories Greatest Minds
The School of Athens
Donatello
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Sculptor & Artist
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Discovered, Worked As Goldsmith


What Was This?
Created statues; perspective illusionists
Donatello’s Statutes
Other Renaissance
Artists/Authors

Botechelli (Italy)
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Dante (Italy)
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Van Eyck (Belgium)
Art of The Renaissance Analysis

Groups

Use Paper and Describe in a Sentence/Two Bullet Points Each:
Describe The People In Picture/Expressions
 What You Think May Be Happening?
 What Is Going On In The Backgrounds?
 Anything That Stands Out That Is
Interesting/Strange


Put Check Mark If You Come To The Same
Conclusion for More Than One
Renaissance Authors & Artists Chart
Name
Country
Major
Accomplishment
Interesting
Fact
Renaissance Man Twitter Page
Create a Paper Twitter Account on a Renaissance men (Da
Vinci, Machiavelli, Gutenberg, Raphael, Michelangelo, etc.)
Your Account must include the following information:
Person’s Name (plus Their Twitter Handle/Name)
Location
Bio Explaining Who They Are & Listing 2 Major
Contributions
2 Followers (Who May Have They been Friends With
Anytime In History)
2 Tweets That Represent Some Of Their Views or
Feelings on Certain Things
Essential Questions

How is art an expression of the events and
culture of a civilization throughout history?
Essential Questions

What role should religion play in
politics?
Part III
The Protestant Reformation
The Reason for Reformation

Catholic Church was Mistreating of Members


Wars, Money, Etc
Indulgences
Fees to Get Rid of Sins
 Priest Charged Money for Forgiveness of Sins
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Martin Luther
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Founder of Protestant Reformation
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-Lutheran Church
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Salvation Through ONLY Belief and Faith in
God, Not Doing Good Things
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Edict of Worms
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Luther Defended Beliefs Against Church
Luther’s 95 Thesis

Nailed 95 Thesis on How to Change the Church
ON a Church

Goals
Printed Bible for Everyone
 Wanted Priests to Marry
 No INDULGENCES
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John Calvin
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French Founder of
Calvinism - Presbyterians

Believed in
PREDESTINATION
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
Your Fate is Determined
Before You Are Born
People Are NOT Saved by
Belief or Acts, But God’s
Mercy
King Henry VIII

English King

Anglican Church

Left Catholic Church b/c it
Wouldn’t Let Him Divorce

Executed Any Catholics in
England
Counter-Reformation

Catholic Attempt to Stop
Losing Members
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Council of Trent

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Decide no more indulgences
More freedom
99 Problems But The ____ Aint One

Write Down 5 Problems Your Group Has With
Knightdale and/or Wake County Schools

Include WHAT The Problem Is, WHY It Is a
Problem, HOW It Should Change
The Scientific Revolution
Science Over Religion
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Came AFTER Catholics Counter-Reformation

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NOT a Change But an Overthrow of Religion
HUMANISM
 Focus on Individual
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Seek Answers For Yourself NOT God
Astronomers
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Galileo
Astronomy
 Created Telescope

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Copernicus
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Heliocentric (Sun-Centered Universe)
Geocentric (Earth-Centered)
Catholic
Heliocentric (Sun-Centered) Scientific
Scientists

Isaac Newton
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Frances Bacon
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GRAVITY
Scientific Method
Rene Descartes
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Geometry
Other Discoveries
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Kepler
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Leeuwenhoek
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Planetary Motion
Microscopes
Harvey
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Blood Circulation
Non-Christian Reformers
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Accused of Being Witches & Worshiping the
Devil
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BURNT at the Stake by Church
Essential Questions

How did Europe change politically, socially,
economically during the Renaissance?
English Wars During Renaissance
English Civil War
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Cavaliers
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Supported the King
Roundheads
Support Parliament (Representatives)
 Less Power for King Charles
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Fall of Monarchs
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Oliver Cromwell
Took Power from King Charles I
 Tried & Executed Charles for Crimes Against People


William & Mary
Replace James I During the Glorious Revolution
 Given power by Parliament

English Bill of Rights
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Limit King’s Power; Power to People
 Just Like…?

NEW Rights:
Trial by Jury
 No Cruel & Unusual Punishments
 Habeas Corpus
 Monarch CANNOT be Catholic
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Thirty Years War
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War Started by Fight b/t German Protestants &
Catholics
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NEW Powers Emerge
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Austria & Prussia