Transcript Renaissance Presentation

Renaissance
Word Splash
Proportion
Form
Balance
economies
Renaissance means Rebirth.
Medicine
Economies
Technology
Art
Science
Philosophy
Literature
Music
Period of light after 1000 years of
darkness.
RE-birth
RE-discovery of Greek & Latin texts
RE-consideration of accepted beliefs
RE-direction of energies - away from
strictly religious thought
Period of Rebirth → Renaissance
• ~1300: clocks constructed
• 1348: Black Death weakens faith in God
• 14th C Italian artists begin to paint using
depth perception
• 1453: Constantinople falls to Turks; Greek
Christians take their knowledge to Europe.
• 1455: Gutenberg prints first book, the Bible
• 1492: Europe discovers the Americas
• 1517: Martin Luther begins Protestant
Reformation.
• 1520: Copernicus discovers that the Earth
rotates around the sun…
Medicine
Anatomical
drawing of
dead bodies
was allowed
again and
helped
doctors cure
people.
Da Vinci’s Drawing of a Foetus
This is a drawing of a
foetus by Leonardo Da
Vinci.
This was drawn after the
careful dissection and
observation of a women
who died while pregnant.
The important thing to
note is the stunning
accuracy and detail.
Technology
•Longitude was discovered
during the Renaissance.
• The clock became highly
accurate allowing people
to navigate correctly on
long ocean voyages.
Economy
• In 1492 Columbus
sailed the ocean
blue, for Money…
• Long ocean voyages allowed global
exploration to be accurate and
spurned economic trade worldwide.
Renaissance Art
Artists experiment
with light, depth,
shade, color, beauty
of form
Goal: to capture the
human form
See the Difference?
Michelangelo’s Work
Botticelli
Florentine - depicted natural detail
in “The Birth of Venus”
da Vinci’s Work
Donatello
Sculpted first nude since
antiquity
Renaissance: 1498
Leonardo da Vinci The Last Supper 1498 - 460 x 880 cm (15 x 29 ft.)
Late Renaissance Artists
Raphael
See the Difference?
Science
Science
?
Nicholas Copernicus
1473 - 1543
Developed a
mathematical model
for a Heliocentric solar
system
Galileo Galilei (1564-1642)
Built the first thermometer and
the pendulum clock. Made the
first telescopes
First to point a telescope to the
sky
1632: Publishes “A Dialogue Concerning Two
World Systems”
The book ridicules the geocentric position
of the Church
1633: Convicted of heresy by the Church and
confined to house arrest for the rest
of his life
1992: The Catholic Church reopened the
Galileo Trial and reversed its decision
Galileo the Astronomer
The Moon
is Bumpy
Galileo drawings
Galileo the Astronomer
The Sun Has Spots
“The Sun is not
the perfect and
pure sphere
expected of the
divine heavens”
Galileo drawings
Galileo the Astronomer
Saturn has rings
“…the star of Saturn is not a
single star, but is a composite
of three, which almost touch
each other, never change or
move relative to each other,
and are arranged in a row, and
they are situated in this form:
oOo.”
(letter to Cosimo Medici II)
Saturn shape seems to vary
with time
Galileo's sketch of 1616 and
engraving in The Assayer of 1623.
Philosophy
Nicolo Machiavelli
“To be feared is
better than to be
loved”
Political ends
justify the means justice is secondary
to control
Leonardo da Vinci
Most famous of Florentines
Painter, mathematician,
inventor, engineer, musician
Worked to show most accurate
representation possible
Believed in the divinity of nature
Art should be inspired by the creator, not
for cash
``Renaissance''--meaning
``rebirth''--is given
to a period of broad cultural achievement
spanning three centuries, the fourteenth
through to the sixteenth centuries.
One of the main features of art during the
Renaissance were:
Foreshortening – portraying
an object with the apparent shortening
due to visual perspective.
Foreshortening
Historical Figures & Events
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Lorenzo de Medici (1449-1492)
Gutenberg Bible (1454)
Martin Luther (1483-1546)
Henry VIII (1491-1547)
First voyage of Columbus (1492)
Luther posts his Ninety-Five Theses (1517)
Church of England separates from Papacy (1534)
Council of Trent (1545)
William Shakespeare (1564-1616)
The Copernican Revolution
1. Copernicus (1473-1543) revived the idea of a Sun-centered
solar system model:
However, like Aristarchus, Copernicus’s model was not accurate enough to
convince many people.
2. Tycho Brahe (1546-1601) made accurate (arcminutes) nake-eye
measurement of planet motion
Tycho believed that planets must circle the Sun, but his failure to detect stellar
parallax forced him to put the Earth at the center of the system, with the Sun
orbiting the Earth, and the planets orbit the Sun.
3. Johannes Kepler (1571-1630) were able to make accurate
prediction with his heliocentric model of planetary orbits,
agreeing with Tyco’s observation
Kepler’s initial failure (using prefect circular orbits) to match Tyco’s observation
led him to adopt a model with elliptical planetary orbit.
4. Galileo Galilei’s (1564-1642) telescopic observations helped
solidify the heliocentric view of the solar system.
Symmetry –
correct
proportion of
body parts,
grouping of
figures so that
they are the
same on both
sides.
VENUS
Another
Botticelli
art work
``Renaissance''--meaning
``rebirth''--is given
to a period of broad cultural achievement
spanning three centuries, the fourteenth
through to the sixteenth centuries.
One of the main features of art during the
Renaissance were:
Humanism - A person who studied the
classics was called a humanist. Humanists
recreated classical styles in art, literature,
and architecture.