Transcript Ch.12 – European Renaissance & Reformation

European
Renaissance
12.1-12.2
Renaissance, 1350 – 1550
•
•
•
•
Rebirth of ancient Greek & Roman
worlds
Church power declined
Society recovered from the plagues &
instabilities of the Middle Ages
Upper class more affected than lower
Italian States
•
•
•
Milan
Venice
Florence
3 major cities prospered
by trade. Secular
world view developed.
Machiavelli
•
Niccolò Machiavelli
– The Prince: book
argued that a prince
should act on behalf
of the interests of
the state
Renaissance Society
•
Three Estates
– Noble/Aristocrat: expected to have talent,
character, and grace
•
had to perform military & physical exercises
and gain a classical education
– Peasants
•
Made up 85-90% of total European population
– Townspeople
•
Had wealth from trade, banking, and industry
Renaissance Society
•
•
Parents arranged marriages – to
strengthen the family/business
Father-was the center of the family (absolute power)
Ch 12 Section 2
Humanism
•
•
Based on the Greek
& Roman literary
classics (poetry,
philosophy, & history)
Emphasized interest
in civic life
Education
•
Believed that education could
dramatically change human beings
•
Goal was to create complete citizens
Vernacular Literature
Written in the common language of
the people.
Examples:
•
Dante’s Divine Comedy:
Journey through Hell,
Purgatory, & Heaven
•
Chaucer’s The Canterbury
Tales: about a group of 29
pilgrims going to the tomb of
St. Thomas à Becket of
Canterbury
Michelangelo – Sistine Chapel
Art
•
•
•
Masaccio used
frescoes (painting on
wet plaster)
Use of geometry to
show organization of
space and light
Realistic portrayal of
the human body
(especially the
human nude)
1 – Mona Lisa
Renaissance
Artists
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
2 – La Pieta & David
Leonardo da Vinci
Micheangelo
Brunelleschi
Raphael
Donatello
5 – The Virgin and Child
with Four Angels
4 – School of Athens
3
What would have to happen
for Da Vinci to reproduce lifelike images of human beings?
Parachute
Da Vinci’s Vitruvian Man
Da Vinci’s Last Supper