Transcript The Renaissance and the Exchange of Ideas

The Renaissance
and the Exchange of
Ideas
Galileo and “heresy”
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Galileo entered the courtroom and knelt in
front of the Catholic Church. He was being
punished because he wrote a book that
argued that the sun was the centre of the
Universe. The church asked him to take
back what he said. If he refused he would
be burned and tortured. Instead they put
him in house arrest for the rest of his life.
The Renaissance
What changed?
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Science : A new way of Seeing
Political and Religious Leadership
The Spread of Ideas
Science
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The Scientific Method
Astronomy
Medicine
Mathematics
If you lived in the Renaissance you wanted to
learn about the sciences. You would read books
from classical civilizations like Greece, Rome,
Islam and China. This is what Humanism was all
about…learning from the classics.
The Scientific Method
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Humanism encouraged people to experiment and
question. Thinkers started to read more books to learn
more.
The scientific method led to many discoveries in
astronomy, medicine and math.
Astronomy
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Can you believe that people once thought the Sun
revolved around the Earth?
New theories in Astronomy by Galileo threatened the
church and how people looked at the world.
Famous Astronomers (the stars)
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Copernicus: discovered Earth is a planet
and moves around a sun.
Kepler
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Kepler: discovered planets move around in
an oval orbit not perfect circles.
Galileo
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Galileo Galilei: Confirmed Copernicus, with
his telescope saw sun spots, craters and
mountains on the moon, the milky way
and Jupiters moons.
He was
Right!!
Medicine
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Doctors had little knowledge of anatomy.
Remember the plague doctors!
They also didn’t know about diseases.
Much of the remedies were based on
astrology (not astronomy) but what sign
you had and SUPERSTITION
Medicine
Anatomy
Dissection became legal for study.
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Andreus Vesalius
Professor of University of Padua
Would dissect bodies in front of his students.
Wrote a book “De humani corporis fabrica”
Anatomy by
Vesalius Da Vinci
Rembrandt (famous painter of the
Renaissance)
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His famous painting of “Anatomy Class”
Anatomy
Helps my
ART!!!
Leonardo da Vinci
used anatomy to create
the statue of David
Mathematics
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In the Renaissance they studied…
Euclid (geometry)
Al-Khwarizmi (algebra)
Leonardo thought it was the basis of the
Universe! We still do!
Kepler used math
in his calculations and
The orbit of the Earth.
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Math and Economics
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Math was an important part of Europe’s
changing economy. As trade and
commerce grew knowledge of math was
essential.
Math and Art
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Artists and thinkers and mathmaticians came up
with PERSPECTIVE!!
Brunelleschi rediscovered perspective by a
pinhole camera and a mirror.
Math and Art
Masaccio’s painting of “The Holy Trinity”
Between 1425-1428 shows the lines of
perspective used.
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Political and Religious Leadership
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Born into leadership
The Scientific Ruler
The Church Leadership
Born into Leadership
Isabella D’Este
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Humanism encouraged people to take part in
government.
The richer the family in the Italian City States the better
education you could have.
Humanism (classical education)
Learning, Visual Arts, Music
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Titian
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Da Vinci
The Scientific Ruler
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Noccolo Machiavelli (Political Philosopher)
Wrote a book called “The Prince”
Was a Humanist
Analysed politics like science
To be an important leader…
You can’t always be good,
To be an effective leader.
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Men are ungrateful, greedy, fickle, liars, deceivers and
GREEDY
Changing Leadership in the Church
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Catholic Church was still the
most powerful institution in
Europe
Many church leaders felt
responsible for more than
religion…church was a
business too.
The church was found to be
corrupt (Bishops bought their
titles, spent money on
themselves, had children when
they weren’t supposed to)
Savonarola
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A monk who fought
corruption
Political leader in
Florence
Excommunicated by
the pope (meaning
not aloud to be in the
church)
EXECUTED!!
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http://www.youtube.c
om/watch?v=TUzSsA
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Martin Luther
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German Monk
Criticized the church
for indulgences….or
paying off your sins to
the church
Translated Bible
Started
REFORMATIOIN or
reform the church
Catholic Counter-Reformation
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Church started to
reform themselves
Educated themselves
Watched for
corruption
Created JESUITS
They came to Canada
to christianize the
Natives.
The Spread of Ideas
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Travelling Celebrities (preach)
Royal Courts (pushed for learning)
The Printing Press
The Printing Press
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Created by Johannes
Gutenberg
1450 developed a
printing press
Allowed cheap way to
print books
Knowledge spread!!
The Spread of Knowledge
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1500 6 million books
in print
Books were cheaper
to make
Books like the Bible
were translated into
other religions
Thinkers like Erasmus
made money by
selling books
Disseminates
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This means to spread
ideas….
In recent times what
ways have changed
the spread of
knowledge?
The Renaissance
Exciting and Dangerous
Exchange of Ideas
SCIENCE
LEADERSHIP AND
RELGION
ARTS