Transcript the period from 1350 to 1550 in Europe, means “rebirth” rebirth of

the period from 1350 to 1550 in
Europe, means “rebirth”
rebirth of interest in art and
learning
Renaissance
more interest in this world than
in religion and getting into
heaven
secular
Italy’s city-states grew
wealthy through _____.
trade
the most famous city of the
Renaissance
Florence
rich banking family from
Florence, effectively ruled
Florence
Medici
famous for its “streets” –
canals and waterways
Venice
long narrow boats used for
transportation in Venice
gondolas
the diplomat who wrote The
Prince in 1513
(claimed people were greedy
and self-centered)
Niccolò Machiavelli
the belief that the individual
and human society are
important
humanism
famous scholar of ancient
Roman writers
Petrarch
the everyday language that
people speak in an area
vernacular
The Divine Comedy (story of
the main character’s trip from
heaven to hell)
Dante Alighieri
developed a printing press
with movable metal type
Johannes Gutenburg
(Italian) one of the best
scientists and artists of the
Renaissance
Leonardo da Vinci
artistic technique using light
and shadows to soften edges
chiaroscuro
three most famous painters
of the Renaissance
Leonardo da Vinci
Michelangelo Buonarroti
Raphael Sanzio
English playwright who wrote
comedies and tragedies
William Shakespeare
movement to reform the
Catholic Church; led to the
creation of Protestantism
Reformation
a pardon from the Church
for a person’s sins
indulgences
young monk who challenged
the Roman Catholic Church
Martin Luther
organized branch of
Christianity
denomination
first Protestant
denomination
Lutheranism
faith in Jesus, not good works,
brings salvation
Bible is final source for truth
about God
the church consists of all
members (no pastoral
mediation)
Tenets of Lutheranism
_____ brutally crushed peasant
revolts of the 1520s.
Nobles
One reason Protestantism
survived
because some of Europe’s
kings supported it
founder of Calvinism
John Calvin
belief that the outcome of
people’s lives are already
determined by God
predestination
Catholic attempt to convince
people to return to the Catholic
Church
Counter-Reformation
a special school for training
and educating priests
seminary
French Protestants led by
Henry of Navarre, head of the
Bourbon family (Henry IV)
Huguenots
considered worst religious
war of the Reformation era
Thirty Years’ War
married six queens, imprisoned
and beheaded people, founded
the Church of England
(Anglican Church).
Henry VIII
tried to return England to
Catholicism – failed
Mary I
Protestant queen who became
one of the greatest rulers in
English history
Elizabeth I