Transcript Powerpoint Cardiovascular

Chapter 5
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• Purpose of the cardiovascular system:
– Pump blood to the lungs to exhale carbon dioxide
– Pump oxygenated blood from the lungs to the cells
throughout the body.
– Pump nutrients from the intestines to the cells.
– Liver removes toxins, amino acids and returns needed
proteins, which transport fats in the blood.
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• Arteries
– Move blood from the heart to the body
– Strongest type of vessel, highest pressure
– Has 3 layers
• Endothelium (inside)
• Middle layer of smooth muscle and elastic tissue
• Outer layer is connective tissue
Arterioles
Small arteries
Made mostly of smooth muscle that encircles
arteriole
Middle layer of elastic tissue
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• Capillaries
–
–
–
–
–
Only have
endothelium
(single layer
with basement
cells)
• In our bodies we have about 6300 square meters of capillaries
• Only certain capillaries open at a given time
– When eating, capillaries in the digestive system open, while skeletal
muscle capillaries are closed.
Rings of muscles called precapillary sphincters control flow through
capillaries.
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• When capillary bed is closed, blood moves from
Arteriole to Venules through arteriovenous shunt.
• Venules are small veins that drain blood from
capillaries and joins a vein to take blood to the heart
and lungs to rid it of carbon dioxide.
• Veins often have valves allowing blood to flow in
only one direction, preventing more blood loss if
hemorrhaging (bleeding).
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• Arteries, Veins, Capillaries
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• Venules & Veins have
three layers like arteries,
but with less smooth
muscle.
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Page 100
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Table 5.1
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Fig. 5.8
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Fig. 5.8a
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Fig. 5.9
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Fig. 5.10
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Fig. 5.12
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Page 111
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Fig. 5.13
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Lymph
Assists the cardiovascular system by filtering excess tissue
fluid.
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Page 111
Left atrium
Right atrium
Left ventricle
Right ventricle
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v
=oHMmtqKgs50
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Page 112
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Page 113
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Page 114
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Right pulmonary
artery
Left
Right pulmonary
veins
Bicuspid
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• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oHMmtqKgs50
• 3D heart
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• Lizard heart and Crocodile heart (reptiles)
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• Fish heart
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• Heart surgery
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B9b_VCjI3n0
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• Blood is made of Plasma and Formed Elements
• Plasma: fluid (water, proteins, oxygen, carbon
dioxide, electrolytes)
– Makes up 55% of blood volume
• Formed elements:
– Erythrocytes (red blood cells)
– Leukocytes (white blood cells)
– Thrombocytes (platelets)
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•
•
•
•
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R-sKZWqsUpw
Blood video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CRh_dAzXuoU
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uBvpE5ia2LE
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