Transcript Introductory Unit - Grayslake Central High School

Thermo
Nutrition Circulation Immunity Excretion
200 200 200 200 200
400 400 400 400 400
600 600 600 600 600
Final Jeopardy!
Thermo for 200
Which method of heat exchange only
results in heat loss to the
environment?
Evaporation
Thermo for 400
If a robin and turkey in the same
environment have equal insulation,
which uses more energy per unit body
mass to thermoregulate, and why?
A robin still loses heat faster via
radiation due to larger SA/V ratio.
Thermo for 600
The hypothalamus is overheated.
What are two likely involuntary
responses?
Superficial vasodilation and
perspiration
Nutrition for 200
What does one call the movement of
food through the digestive tract via
involuntary smooth muscle?
Peristalsis
Nutrition for 400
Describe two adaptations to an herbivorous
lifestyle.
Numerous molars are helpful for grinding plant
material.
A rumen is a stomach chamber containing
microorgs that digest cellulose.
A cecum is a chamber between the intestines
containing microorgs to digest cellulose.
Nutrition for 600
What’s the difference between an
aminopeptidase and a carboxypeptidase?
Aminopeptidase breaks peptides off of
polypeptides starting from the amino group
end. A carboxypeptidase starts on the
carboxyl end.
Circulation for 200
Name the two separate circuits of
amniote circulatory systems
Pulmonary and systemic
Circulation for 400
What type of circulatory system is
present in the following phyla:
Annelida, Platyhelminthes, Arthropoda
Closed, none, open
Circulation for 600
Starting with the left ventricle, put these in order that blood would flow:
R semilunar valve, body cells, L atrioventricular valve, R atrium, lungs, L
atrium, aorta, pulmonary vein
Aorta
Body cells
R atrium
R semilunar valve
Lung
Pulmonary vein
L atrium
L atrioventricular valve
Immunity for 200
You should fear eosinophils if you are a
_____.
Larger internal parasite
Immunity for 400
Daily Double!
What’s your wager?
Describe two ways that antibodies carry out their functions.
They can intefere with a pathogen’s ability to cause
disease, or they can make a pathogen more conspicuous to
a macrophage.
Immunity for 600
A cell is infected by a virus and valiantly attempts to alert the body’s
immune response.
How does it alert the immune system?
What specific type of cell will respond?
How will it respond?
It presents an antigen
Lymphocyte
Replicating itself
Excretion for 200
What form of nitrogenous waste is produced by
dogs? Name an advantage and a disadvantage of
this form.
Urea is less toxic than ammonia, but it requires
more energy to produce. Compared to uric acid,
urea is easier to produce, but it is more toxic.
Excretion for 400
What unique structure do sharks
have for osmoregulation?
The rectal gland removes excess
salt from the blood and dumps it
into the cloaca.
Excretion for 600
What is the part of the circulatory
system that makes contact with
Bowman’s Capsule?
Glomerulus
How large is a person’s left ventricle if...
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The person just ate an entire large pizza
The systolic pressure is 150 mmHg
The heart beats 20 times in 15 seconds
The person was just fired from his job
The internal body temperature is 36oC
The cardiac output is 4800 mL/min
The diastolic pressure is 80 mmHg
The person has a mass of 90 kg
Cardiac Output
4800 mL / min
Stroke volume
= Heart rate X Stroke volume
= 80 bpm X Stroke volume
= 60 mL